Waldman H B
Dental Health Services, State University of New York at Stony Brook, 11794-8706, USA.
ASDC J Dent Child. 1996 Jan-Feb;63(1):60-6.
The National Center for Health Statistics supplies extensive and detailed survey results that support the general underlying perspective of an improving trend in the health status of children in the United States. Included in the survey were 47,000 households with more than 17,000 children, less than eighteen years of age. Nevertheless, there were several negative trends in children's health and safety in the 1980s. The negative trends included (1) failure to maintain the level of women getting prenatal care set in the 1970s; (2) the infant mortality rate in 1990 of 9.2 per 1000 of live births is higher than that in twenty-three industrialized countries; (3) injuries have emerged as the major cause of childhood mortality, morbidity, and disability; (4) disparities along racial and income-related lines continue at a serious level. The author also discusses the dental needs of children and the use of dental services.
美国国家卫生统计中心提供了广泛而详细的调查结果，这些结果支持了美国儿童健康状况呈改善趋势这一总体基本观点。此次调查涵盖了47000个家庭，其中有超过17000名18岁以下的儿童。然而，在20世纪80年代，儿童的健康与安全方面存在一些负面趋势。这些负面趋势包括：（1）未能维持20世纪70年代设定的妇女接受产前护理的水平；（2）1990年每1000例活产婴儿中有9.2例的婴儿死亡率高于23个工业化国家；（3）伤害已成为儿童死亡、发病和残疾的主要原因；（4）种族和与收入相关的差距仍处于严重水平。作者还讨论了儿童的牙齿需求以及牙科服务的使用情况。
