Forster K I, Shen D
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1996 May;22(3):696-713. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.22.3.696.
The effect of neighborhood density on visual word recognition was found to be facilitatory for words but inhibitory for nonwords in 3 lexical-decision experiments. However, the facilitation virtually disappeared when the task was changed to semantic categorization (animal vs. nonanimal), despite the presence of a strong frequency effect. None of these experiments showed a consistent inhibitory effect of a higher frequency neighbor. The absence of inhibitory effects suggests that competition does not play a key role in visual word recognition. The data also suggest that the neighborhood density effect is not an access effect but is a task-dependent effect instead.
在3项词汇判断实验中，研究发现邻里密度对视觉单词识别的影响对单词具有促进作用，但对非单词具有抑制作用。然而，当任务改为语义分类（动物与非动物）时，尽管存在强烈的频率效应，但这种促进作用几乎消失了。这些实验均未显示出高频邻词具有一致的抑制作用。抑制作用的缺失表明竞争在视觉单词识别中并不起关键作用。数据还表明，邻里密度效应不是一种通达效应，而是一种任务依赖效应。
