Department of Psychology, Neuroscience Program, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, 12866, USA.
Psychology Department, Bournemouth University, Fern Barrow, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, UK.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2024 May;86(4):1360-1374. doi: 10.3758/s13414-024-02880-z. Epub 2024 Mar 26.
Words with high orthographic relatedness are termed "word neighbors" (angle/angel; birch/birth). Activation-based models of word recognition assume that lateral inhibition occurs between words and their activated neighbors. However, studies of eye movements during reading have not found inhibitory effects in early measures assumed to reflect lexical access (e.g., gaze duration). Instead, inhibition in eye-movement studies has been found in later measures of processing (e.g., total time, regressions in). We conducted an eye-movement boundary change study (Rayner, Cognitive Psychology, 7(1), 65-81, 1975) that manipulated the parafoveal preview of the word following the neighbor word (word N+1). In this way, we explored whether the late inhibitory effects seen with transposed letter words and words with higher-frequency neighbors result from reduced parafoveal preview due to increased foveal load and/or interference during late stages of lexical processing (the L2 stage within the E-Z Reader framework). For word N+1, while there were clear preview effects, there was not an effect of the neighborhood status of word N, nor a significant interaction. This suggests that the late inhibitory effects of earlier eye-movement studies are driven by misidentification of neighbor words rather than being due to increased foveal load.
具有高正字法相关性的词被称为“词邻居”（angle/angel；birch/birth）。基于激活的单词识别模型假设在单词与其激活的邻居之间会发生侧抑制。然而，在阅读过程中眼球追踪的研究并没有发现早期测量中假设反映词汇通达的抑制效应（例如，注视持续时间）。相反，在眼球追踪研究中的抑制效应已经在处理的后期测量中被发现（例如，总时间，回溯）。我们进行了一项眼球追踪边界变化研究（Rayner，《认知心理学》，7（1），65-81，1975），该研究操纵了紧随在词邻居（词 N+1）之后的单词的旁视预览。通过这种方式，我们探索了在转置字母词和高频词邻居中观察到的晚期抑制效应是否是由于增加的中央凹负荷和/或在词汇处理后期阶段（E-Z 阅读器框架中的 L2 阶段）产生的干扰导致旁视预览减少而产生的。对于词 N+1，虽然有明显的预览效应，但词 N 的邻接状态没有影响，也没有显著的交互作用。这表明早期眼球追踪研究中的晚期抑制效应是由对邻居词的错误识别驱动的，而不是由于中央凹负荷增加所致。
