Hautanen A, Mänttäri M, Kupari M, Sarna S, Manninen V, Frick M H, Adlercreutz H
Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Finland.
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1993 Aug;46(2):245-51. doi: 10.1016/0960-0760(93)90300-l.
Cigarette smoking alters the pattern of endogenous steroid levels. We examined this phenomenon in two separate male groups. Group A consisted of 189 dyslipidemic men participating in the Helsinki Heart Study and group B of 100 men including patients with heart disease and healthy controls. The subjects in the latter group underwent ACTH-testing. In group A, smokers had significantly higher basal androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) levels and androstenedione/cortisol ratios than nonsmokers. Mean concentrations of cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), androstanediol glucuronide, testosterone, and sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) did not differ between smokers and nonsmokers. In group B, smokers had lower high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and apolipoprotein AI and higher triglyceride levels than nonsmokers. Basal androstenedione and ACTH stimulated androstenedione and DHEA concentrations were higher in smokers. No significant differences were found in basal insulin, SHBG, estrone, estradiol, testosterone, free testosterone, and dihydrotestosterone concentrations between smokers and nonsmokers. These results suggest that smoking decreases the activity of either 21- or 11 beta-hydroxylase in the adrenal cortex, which results in increased secretion of adrenal androgens.
吸烟会改变内源性类固醇水平的模式。我们在两个不同的男性群体中研究了这一现象。A组由189名参与赫尔辛基心脏研究的血脂异常男性组成，B组由100名男性组成，包括心脏病患者和健康对照者。后一组的受试者接受了促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）测试。在A组中，吸烟者的基础雄烯二酮和硫酸脱氢表雄酮（DHEAS）水平以及雄烯二酮/皮质醇比值显著高于不吸烟者。吸烟者与不吸烟者之间皮质醇、脱氢表雄酮（DHEA）、雄烷二醇葡糖苷酸、睾酮和性激素结合球蛋白（SHBG）的平均浓度没有差异。在B组中，吸烟者的高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇和载脂蛋白AI较低，甘油三酯水平较高。吸烟者的基础雄烯二酮以及ACTH刺激后的雄烯二酮和DHEA浓度较高。吸烟者与不吸烟者之间的基础胰岛素、SHBG、雌酮、雌二醇、睾酮、游离睾酮和双氢睾酮浓度没有显著差异。这些结果表明，吸烟会降低肾上腺皮质中21-羟化酶或11β-羟化酶的活性，从而导致肾上腺雄激素分泌增加。
