Dell'Olio D, Palma L, Malorgio E, Ansaldi Balocco N
Università degli Studi-Torino, Istituto di Discipline Pediatriche Cattedra di Pediatria, Sezione di Gastroenterologia.
Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol. 1995 Dec;41(4):269-73.
A diagnosis of Coeliac Disease (CD) indicates a lifelong compliance to a gluten-free diet (GFD), which implies a change in deeply ingrained dietary habits and may cause dietary imbalances. We studied the dietary intake in a group of children with CD on GFD. CD was diagnosed according to Espgan criteria. Strict compliance to GFD was ascertained by Hydrogen breath-test. For each patient a thorough dietary history was obtained; the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) 1986/1987--Istituto Nazionale della Nutrizione were used as reference measurements. 71.3% of our patients had a daily calorie intake lower than recommended (mean +/- 1SD = -110 +/- 389 kcal/day). Calorie deficiency was mainly due to a low carbohydrate intake (50.2 +/- 7% of daily calorie intake vs. 59% RDA; difference = -4.7 +/- 7%). Fast absorbed simple carbohydrates exceeded by 46% the recommended 10% ratio to complex carbohydrates. Daily fat intake was higher than RDA (+7.7%) in 94.1% of our patients, who obtained from fat 35.7 +/- 5.2% of their daily calorie intake vs 28% recommended. Saturated to unsaturated fat ratio was unbalanced towards saturated fat intake (2.3 +/- 1.1 vs 0.33 recommended). Coeliac children on a GFD have low caloric and carbohydrate intakes and a high fat intake. An unbalance towards simple sugar and saturated fat ingestion was detected. A lifelong protraction of these dietary habits may favour the onset of metabolic diseases in mature age.
乳糜泻（CD）的诊断表明患者需终身遵循无麸质饮食（GFD），这意味着要改变根深蒂固的饮食习惯，且可能导致饮食失衡。我们研究了一组遵循GFD的CD患儿的饮食摄入情况。CD根据Espgan标准进行诊断。通过氢呼气试验确定对GFD的严格遵循情况。为每位患者获取了详尽的饮食史；以1986/1987年国家营养研究所的推荐膳食摄入量（RDA）作为参考指标。我们的患者中有71.3%的人每日卡路里摄入量低于推荐值（平均±1标准差=-110±389千卡/天）。卡路里不足主要是由于碳水化合物摄入量低（占每日卡路里摄入量的50.2±7%，而RDA为59%；差值=-4.7±7%）。快速吸收的简单碳水化合物超出了推荐的与复合碳水化合物10%的比例达46%。94.1%的患者每日脂肪摄入量高于RDA（+7.7%），他们从脂肪中获取的热量占每日卡路里摄入量的35.7±5.2%，而推荐值为28%。饱和脂肪与不饱和脂肪的比例因饱和脂肪摄入量而失衡（2.3±1.1，而推荐值为0.33）。遵循GFD的乳糜泻患儿卡路里和碳水化合物摄入量低，脂肪摄入量高。检测到简单糖和饱和脂肪摄入存在失衡。这些饮食习惯的长期持续可能会增加成年后患代谢性疾病的风险。
