Ghasemian S M, Guleria A S, Khawand N Y, Light J A
Department of Urology, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
Clin Transplant. 1996 Apr;10(2):218-23.
669 patients who received a renal transplant from January 1988 to December 1993 at a single institution were evaluated for urologic complications. Urologic complications were assessed and categorized by organ involvement: kidney, ureter, bladder, lymphatic, calculus and complicated urinary tract infection. Complications were also classified as "early" if they occurred within 14 d after transplant and those diagnosed after this period were called "late." The management of all complications is presented. There were a total of 98 urologic complications identified in 669 patients, of which 51 were complicated urinary tract infections. The other 47 complications were divided among renal (8), ureteral (19), bladder (3), lymphatic (10) and calculi (7). Preventive measures, such as technical management of ureteral reimplantation, periodic renal scan or ultrasound examinations, and long-term urinary antibiotic prophylaxis could further reduce the incidence of urologic complications. The result should be further improvement in transplant patient and graft survival.
对1988年1月至1993年12月在某一机构接受肾移植的669例患者的泌尿系统并发症进行了评估。根据器官受累情况对泌尿系统并发症进行评估和分类：肾脏、输尿管、膀胱、淋巴管、结石及复杂性尿路感染。如果并发症发生在移植后14天内，则分类为“早期”，在此之后诊断出的并发症称为“晚期”。介绍了所有并发症的处理方法。在669例患者中共发现98例泌尿系统并发症，其中51例为复杂性尿路感染。其他47例并发症分布在肾脏（8例）、输尿管（19例）、膀胱（3例）、淋巴管（10例）和结石（7例）。输尿管再植的技术管理、定期肾脏扫描或超声检查以及长期预防性使用尿路抗生素等预防措施可进一步降低泌尿系统并发症的发生率。结果应能进一步提高移植患者的生存率和移植物的存活率。
