Johnson A P, Speller D C, George R C, Warner M, Domingue G, Efstratiou A
Antibiotic Reference Unit, Central Public Health Laboratory, Colindale, London.
BMJ. 1996 Jun 8;312(7044):1454-6. doi: 10.1136/bmj.312.7044.1454.
To assess the prevalence of antibiotic resistance and serotype distribution among pneumococci in England and Wales in 1990 and 1995.
Observational surveys in March 1990 and March 1995. During two weeks in each survey period all pneumococci isolated in public health laboratories in England and Wales were collected and assessed for sensitivity to antibiotics and the distribution of serogroups or serotypes.
The network of public health laboratories throughout England and Wales.
1127 individual patient isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae obtained during the two surveys.
Sensitivity or resistance to a range of antibiotics; serogroup or serotype.
The prevalence of intermediate or full resistance to penicillin increased from 1.5% in 1990 to 3.9% in 1995 and resistance to erythromycin increased from 2.8% to 8.6%. About 92% of isolates belonged to serogroups or serotypes included in the currently available pneumococcal vaccine.
Resistance to penicillin and erythromycin has increased among pneumococci in England and Wales. Continued surveillance to assess further increases in the prevalence of pneumococcal resistance to antibiotics is essential.
评估1990年和1995年英格兰及威尔士肺炎球菌的抗生素耐药率及血清型分布情况。
1990年3月和1995年3月进行的观察性调查。在每个调查期间的两周内，收集英格兰和威尔士公共卫生实验室分离出的所有肺炎球菌，并评估其对抗生素的敏感性以及血清群或血清型的分布情况。
英格兰和威尔士的公共卫生实验室网络。
在两次调查期间获得的1127株肺炎链球菌患者分离株。
对一系列抗生素的敏感或耐药情况；血清群或血清型。
对青霉素中度或完全耐药率从1990年的1.5%上升至1995年的3.9%，对红霉素的耐药率从2.8%上升至8.6%。约92%的分离株属于目前可用肺炎球菌疫苗所含的血清群或血清型。
在英格兰和威尔士，肺炎球菌对青霉素和红霉素的耐药性有所增加。持续监测以评估肺炎球菌对抗生素耐药率的进一步上升至关重要。
