Quarrie K L, Handcock P, Toomey M J, Waller A E
Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Br J Sports Med. 1996 Mar;30(1):53-6. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.30.1.53.
To describe the anthropometric and physical performance characteristics of a sample of senior A club rugby players and to highlight differences between the positional categories of the players within the forwards and backs.
94 senior A male rugby players were assessed on a number of anthropometric and physical performance assessments. The forwards were categorised into props, hookers, locks, and loose forwards. Backs were categorised into inside, midfield, and outside backs. Categories within the forwards were compared with each other, as were the categories within the backs.
The anthropometric characteristics of forwards differed significantly between positional categories. Front row forwards (props and hookers) possessed highly endo-mesomorphic somatotypes, and typically rated very low for ectomorphy. Props possessed greater body mass than hookers. Locks and loose forwards were taller than the front row forwards. In terms of physical performance fewer differences were observed. Hookers performed better than props on an aerobic assessment. Locks and loose forwards were faster than the front row forwards on a 30 m sprint from a running start. The inside backs were shorter and lighter than the midfield and outside backs.
The combination of anthropometric characteristics and physical performance attributes observed allows players to best meet the demands imposed on them by their position.
描述一组甲级俱乐部老年橄榄球运动员的人体测量学和身体机能特征，并突出前锋和后卫中不同位置球员之间的差异。
对94名甲级男性橄榄球运动员进行了多项人体测量学和身体机能评估。前锋被分为支柱前锋、钩球员、锁锋和自由前锋。后卫被分为内锋、中场后卫和边后卫。对前锋中的不同位置进行相互比较，后卫中的不同位置也进行相互比较。
前锋的人体测量学特征在不同位置之间存在显著差异。前排前锋（支柱前锋和钩球员）具有高度的内胚叶-中胚叶体型，且外胚叶型评分通常很低。支柱前锋的体重比钩球员更大。锁锋和自由前锋比前排前锋更高。在身体机能方面，观察到的差异较少。在有氧评估中，钩球员的表现优于支柱前锋。从站立起跑开始的30米短跑中，锁锋和自由前锋比前排前锋更快。内锋比中场后卫和边后卫更矮、更轻。
观察到的人体测量学特征和身体机能属性的组合使球员能够最好地满足其位置所带来的要求。
