Watkins P C, Vache K, Verney S P, Muller S, Mathews A
Department of Psychology, Eastern Washington University, Cheney 99004, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 1996 Feb;105(1):34-41. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.105.1.34.
The purpose of this study was to investigate an unconscious or implicit mood-congruent memory (MCM) bias in clinical depression. Many studies have shown an explicit memory bias, but no study has yet found an implicit MCM bias in clinical depression. The authors compared depressed and control group participants on a conceptually driven implicit memory test. After studying words of positive, neutral, and negative affective valences, participants produced free associations to various cues. Implicit memory or priming was demonstrated by the production of more studied than unstudied words to the association cues. Depressed participants showed more priming of negative words, whereas controls showed more priming of positive words, thus supporting the MCM pattern. Also, no implicit memory deficit was found in depressed participants. These findings are discussed in the context of several prominent theories of cognition and depression.
本研究的目的是调查临床抑郁症患者中无意识或内隐的情绪一致性记忆（MCM）偏差。许多研究已经表明存在外显记忆偏差，但尚未有研究发现临床抑郁症患者存在内隐MCM偏差。作者在一项概念驱动的内隐记忆测试中对抑郁症患者组和对照组参与者进行了比较。在学习了具有积极、中性和消极情感效价的单词后，参与者对各种线索进行自由联想。通过对联想线索产生更多已学单词而非未学单词来证明内隐记忆或启动效应。抑郁症患者对消极单词表现出更多的启动效应，而对照组对积极单词表现出更多的启动效应，从而支持了MCM模式。此外，未在抑郁症患者中发现内隐记忆缺陷。这些发现将在几种著名的认知和抑郁症理论背景下进行讨论。
