Tuccio M T
INFM-Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Italy.
Percept Mot Skills. 1995 Dec;81(3 Pt 1):1043-58. doi: 10.2466/pms.1995.81.3.1043.
Two experiments on figure-ground organization were designed to examine whether the regions of an ambiguous stimulus perceived as "figure" vary as a function of regional area and experience with the stimulus. In Exp. 1 the perceived duration of each interpretation was recorded during continuous viewing for 10 subjects who had been trained until both percepts appeared with statistical regularity (stationary phase). In Exp. 2 the first interpretation reported by 172 naive observers after a few seconds of pattern exposure was recorded. The well-known tendency to interpret smaller regions as figure was noted in Exp. 2 whereas the results of Exp. 1 suggested equal probability of the percepts. Over-all results suggest that alternation is learned during the transient or "early" phase of perception, with some stimulus features and cultural factors influencing the figure-ground organization. During the stationary or late phase of perception the subject is well practiced and the alternating of interpretations becomes largely automatic.
设计了两项关于图形-背景组织的实验，以检验被视为“图形”的模糊刺激区域是否会随区域面积和对该刺激的经验而变化。在实验1中，对10名经过训练直至两种感知都以统计规律出现（稳定期）的受试者，在连续观看期间记录每种解释的感知持续时间。在实验2中，记录了172名未经训练的观察者在图案呈现几秒钟后报告的第一种解释。在实验2中发现了将较小区域解释为图形的众所周知的倾向，而实验1的结果表明两种感知的概率相等。总体结果表明，交替是在感知的过渡或“早期”阶段习得的，一些刺激特征和文化因素会影响图形-背景组织。在感知的稳定或后期阶段，受试者已充分练习，解释的交替在很大程度上变得自动。
