Quaranta A, Assennato G, Sallustio V
Audiology and Otology Center, ENT Department, University of Bari, Italy.
Scand Audiol Suppl. 1996;42:9-13.
Estimates for the prevalence of self-reported hearing disability and measured hearing impairment as a function of age in the adult population of Italy are reported. The study was conducted in Bari, Florence, Milan, Padua, Palermo with questionnaire and audiological assessment; neither stage showed any gross bias arising from the particular cities chosen. The results have demonstrated that: 22% of subjects think their hearing abnormal, 24.4% report some difficulty understanding speech, 14.5% experienced prolonged spontaneous tinnitus and 17% have a > or = 25 dB HL bilateral hearing impairment; hearing problems increase progressively with age and show no significant differences between men and women; the occupational groups most at risk as far as hearing impairments are concerned are manual workers and workers exposed to occupational noise; the systemic disorders most significantly connected to hearing problems are dyslipidosis, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, liver diseases and cervical arthrosis; among every day habits, the consumption of alcohol seems the only element of risk, above all for tinnitus.
报告了意大利成年人群中自我报告的听力残疾患病率以及作为年龄函数的测量听力障碍情况。该研究在巴里、佛罗伦萨、米兰、帕多瓦、巴勒莫进行，采用问卷调查和听力评估；两个阶段均未显示因所选特定城市而产生的明显偏差。结果表明：22%的受试者认为自己听力异常，24.4%报告在理解言语方面有困难，14.5%经历过持续性自发性耳鸣，17%有双侧听力损失≥25dB HL；听力问题随年龄增长而逐渐增加，且男女之间无显著差异；就听力障碍而言，风险最高的职业群体是体力劳动者和接触职业噪声的工人；与听力问题最显著相关的全身性疾病是血脂异常、糖尿病、高血压、心血管疾病、肝脏疾病和颈椎病；在日常习惯中，饮酒似乎是唯一的风险因素，尤其是对耳鸣而言。
