Delmas-Beauvieux M C, Peuchant E, Couchouron A, Constans J, Sergeant C, Simonoff M, Pellegrin J L, Leng B, Conri C, Clerc M
Laboratoire Biochimie Médicale A, Université Bordeaux II, France.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1996 Jul;64(1):101-7. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/64.1.101.
To investigate the effects of selenium or beta-carotene supplementation in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, who are known to have deficiencies of selenium and vitamin A, we evaluated the blood enzymatic antioxidant system, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), selenodependent glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (Cat); glutathione (GSH) status; and plasma selenium concentration. The placebo group consisted of 18 HIV-infected patients with no supplementation, the selenium group was composed of 14 patients receiving oral selenium treatment, and the beta-carotene group comprised 13 patients receiving oral beta-carotene supplementation. All groups were studied for 1 y. At the beginning of the study, a significantly higher SOD activity (P < 0.001) was observed in all HIV-infected patients compared with uninfected control subjects, and GPX activity at baseline was higher in the placebo (P < 0.004) and selenium (P < 0.014) groups than in the control subjects. These higher enzyme activities could be related to an increased synthesis of these enzymes in erythrocyte precursors under oxidative stress. Moreover, we observed significantly lower GSH values in all HIV-infected patients than in control subjects at the beginning of the study (P < 0.001). After selenium or beta-carotene supplementation, no significant difference was observed for SOD activity compared with baseline. On the contrary, GPX activity increased significantly after selenium treatment (P < 0.04 between 3 and 6 mo), whereas a slight increase was found after beta-carotene treatment. Similarly, a significant increase in GSH values was observed at 12 mo compared with baseline both after selenium supplementation (P < 0.001) and beta-carotene supplementation (P < 0.01). Because GPX and GSH play an important role in the natural enzymatic defense system in detoxifying hydrogen peroxide in water, selenium supplementation could be of great interest in protecting cells against oxidative stress. The lower efficiency of beta-carotene could be attributed to the seriousness of the pathology at the time of recruitment into the beta-carotene group.
为了研究补充硒或β-胡萝卜素对已知存在硒和维生素A缺乏的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染患者的影响，我们评估了血液中的酶促抗氧化系统，包括超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、硒依赖性谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）和过氧化氢酶（Cat）；谷胱甘肽（GSH）状态；以及血浆硒浓度。安慰剂组由18例未接受补充剂的HIV感染患者组成，硒组由14例接受口服硒治疗的患者组成，β-胡萝卜素组由13例接受口服β-胡萝卜素补充剂的患者组成。所有组均进行了1年的研究。在研究开始时，与未感染的对照受试者相比，所有HIV感染患者的SOD活性显著更高（P < 0.001），安慰剂组（P < 0.004）和硒组（P < 0.014）的基线GPX活性高于对照受试者。这些较高的酶活性可能与氧化应激下红细胞前体中这些酶的合成增加有关。此外，在研究开始时，我们观察到所有HIV感染患者的GSH值均显著低于对照受试者（P < 0.001）。补充硒或β-胡萝卜素后，与基线相比，SOD活性未观察到显著差异。相反，硒治疗后GPX活性显著增加（3至6个月之间P < 0.04），而β-胡萝卜素治疗后发现略有增加。同样，与基线相比，补充硒（P < 0.001）和β-胡萝卜素（P < 0.01）后12个月时GSH值均显著增加。由于GPX和GSH在天然酶防御系统中对水中过氧化氢解毒起着重要作用，补充硒可能对保护细胞免受氧化应激具有重要意义。β-胡萝卜素效率较低可能归因于招募到β-胡萝卜素组时病理状况的严重性。
