Okumura Y, Kraus A
Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Heidelberg.
Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 1996 May;64(5):184-91. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-996384.
12 unselected female patients of extended suicide examined for an expertise testimony (4 schizophrenics, 4 endogenous depressives, 3 personality disorders, 1 psychogenic reaction) were investigated. With the exception of one all schizophrenic patients killed their victims under the influence of hallucinations and/or delusion. In two of the melancholic patients showing personality traits in the sense of the melancholic type (Tellenbach) a duty-bound motive for killing the other, characterized as a hypernomic motive, was found. Apart from this, in these patients a psychotic identification with the victim was given, which induced them to kill the other like themselves with the motive of an unworthy existence. In all patients with a personality disorder and psychogenic reaction the motive of killing others was connected with egocentric personality traits. In all of these patients the killing of the victim or the attempt of killing was precipitated by an event. Two of the patients were addicts. The notion of extended suicide as well as the question of the altruistic motive of killing others are discussed.
对12名因提供专家证词而接受检查的扩大性自杀女性患者（4名精神分裂症患者、4名内源性抑郁症患者、3名人格障碍患者、1名心因性反应患者）进行了调查。除1名患者外，所有精神分裂症患者均在幻觉和/或妄想的影响下杀害了受害者。在两名表现出抑郁型（特伦巴赫）人格特质的抑郁患者中，发现了一种将杀害他人视为义不容辞的动机，即一种超规范动机。除此之外，在这些患者中还存在与受害者的精神病性认同，这促使他们以无价值的生存动机像对待自己一样杀害他人。在所有患有人格障碍和心因性反应的患者中，杀害他人的动机都与以自我为中心的人格特质有关。在所有这些患者中，杀害受害者或杀人未遂都是由一个事件引发的。其中两名患者是成瘾者。文中讨论了扩大性自杀的概念以及杀害他人的利他动机问题。
