Heinrichs A J, Wells S J, Losinger W C
Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health, USDA, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA.
J Dairy Sci. 1995 Dec;78(12):2831-7. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(95)76913-2.
This study focused on aspects of the National Dairy Heifer Evaluation Project that involved neonatal feeding practices and types of milk replacers utilized on dairy farms. Types of milk replacers and the management practices associated with their feeding were studied. Nearly 60% of US dairy farms use milk replacers for some or all of the feeding program for neonatal calves. Regional differences existed in the types of liquid feeds and milk replacers fed to calves. Western producers fed less milk replacer, and western and northeast producers fed replacers with less total CP. Many characteristics of management utilized along with these products reflect accepted management and nutrition practices. During the study period from 1991 to 1992, 11.2% of replacers contained casein. A greater proportion of these were found in the West during the first 6 mo of the study, reflecting changes in the milk replacer formulations during that time.
本研究聚焦于国家奶牛小母牛评估项目中涉及新生犊牛饲养实践及奶牛场使用的代乳品类型的方面。研究了代乳品的类型及其饲养相关的管理实践。近60%的美国奶牛场在新生犊牛的部分或全部饲养计划中使用代乳品。犊牛所饲喂的液体饲料和代乳品类型存在地区差异。西部生产者饲喂的代乳品较少，西部和东北部生产者饲喂的代乳品总粗蛋白含量较低。与这些产品一起使用的许多管理特征反映了公认的管理和营养实践。在1991年至1992年的研究期间，11.2%的代乳品含有酪蛋白。在研究的前6个月，西部地区发现这类代乳品的比例更高，这反映了当时代乳品配方的变化。
