Sprotte G
Institut für Anaesthesiologie, Universität Würzburg.
Anaesthesist. 1995 Nov;44(11):789-92. doi: 10.1007/s001010050215.
The needle type introduced by Edward Tuphy for continuous spinal anaesthesia in 1944 is still used as the standard instrument for epidural anaesthesia up to the present day. Puncture of the dura and severance of the epidural catheter are the typical, though fare, complications of this procedure, giving rise to most of the actions brought for damage suffered during obstetric anaesthesia. The cerebral spinal fluid loss caused by thick needles can have serious consequences, including subdural and intracranial haematoma, cranial nerve pareses, labyrinthine hearing impairments and pneumocephalus. Special Sprotte needle for catheter introduction. In spinal anaesthesia and lumbar puncture the Sprotte needle has proven a very suitable instrument for the CSF loss syndrome and, to a large degree, post-spinal headaches. To adapt the atraumatic properties of this needle point for epidural anaesthesia the needle has been equipped with a plastic ramp to direct catheter insertion, and the opening geometry has been slightly modified for epidural application (see Fig. 1). The lateral catheter channel projects into the base of the needle point, which is thus shortened, and the edges of the needle opening are rounded so that the catheters cannot be severed. This needle bears the type designated "Special Sprotte needle" (EP no. 271715, USP no. 4842585). Needle diameter and application fields. The 1.1-mm (19.5 G) needle with 23-G catheter was introduced for epidural anaesthesia and continuous plexus anaesthesia at the Würzburg University Hospital and has proven itself in routine clinical practice. A 20-G version is being tested with a 25-G catheter for continuous spinal anaesthesia at several centers in USA, because finer spinal catheters are not permitted there by the FDA. For continuous spinal anaesthesia this needle has been available without the modified opening geometry since 1989 in sizes 22 G and 24 G and is wide by used in Europe. CSE technique with special and standard Sprotte needles. Spinal analgesia or anaesthesia) can be performed with the special needle and 123-mm-long 27 G or 29 G standard Sprotte needles before placement of the peridural catheter.
1944年爱德华·图菲引入的用于连续脊髓麻醉的针型至今仍被用作硬膜外麻醉的标准器械。硬膜穿刺和硬膜外导管切断是该操作典型的（尽管很少见）并发症，引发了产科麻醉期间因所受损害而提起的大多数诉讼。粗针导致的脑脊液流失可能会产生严重后果，包括硬膜下和颅内血肿、颅神经麻痹、迷路性听力障碍和气颅。用于导管置入的特殊施罗特针。在脊髓麻醉和腰椎穿刺中，施罗特针已被证明是一种非常适合脑脊液流失综合征以及在很大程度上适合预防脊髓穿刺后头痛的器械。为使这种针尖的无创伤特性适用于硬膜外麻醉，该针配备了一个塑料斜面以引导导管插入，并且其开口几何形状已针对硬膜外应用进行了轻微修改（见图1）。外侧导管通道延伸到针尖底部，从而使针尖缩短，并且针开口的边缘呈圆形，这样导管就不会被切断。这种针的型号为“特殊施罗特针”（欧洲专利号271715，美国专利号4842585）。针的直径和应用领域。维尔茨堡大学医院引入了带有23G导管的1.1毫米（19.5G）针用于硬膜外麻醉和连续神经丛麻醉，并已在常规临床实践中得到验证。在美国的几个中心，一种20G型号的针正在与25G导管一起用于连续脊髓麻醉的测试，因为美国食品药品监督管理局不允许在那里使用更细的脊髓导管。自1989年以来，这种针就有22G和24G尺寸可供连续脊髓麻醉使用，且开口几何形状未作修改，在欧洲被广泛使用。使用特殊和标准施罗特针的联合脊髓硬膜外技术。在置入硬膜外导管之前，可以使用特殊针和123毫米长的27G或29G标准施罗特针进行脊髓镇痛或麻醉。
