Baer C L, Bennett W M, Folwick D A, Erickson R S
Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, USA.
Am J Crit Care. 1996 Jan;5(1):42-8.
Jet injection eliminates the risk of contaminated needlestick injuries when giving intramuscular or subcutaneous medications. Clinical efficacy of the Biojector System was equivalent to that of needle and syringe injection in unpublished trials with vaccines, but had not been studied using other drugs.
To compare the effectiveness of the Biojector with conventional needle and syringe injection in administering intramuscular morphine and subcutaneous heparin to healthy adults, as measured by plasma drug concentration.
Intramuscular injections of morphine 8 mg (5 mg if weight < or = 65 kg) were given 24 hours apart with the jet injector and with a needle and syringe to 30 subjects at the deltoid site and 10 subjects at the dorsogluteal site. Blood samples for plasma concentrations of free morphine were drawn at 15, 30, 45, 60, 120, and 240 minutes and were analyzed using radioimmunoassay. Abdominal subcutaneous injections of heparin 3500 U were given every 8 hours for 5 days with both injection methods to 29 subjects, with 48 hours between the two series. Daily blood samples for plasma heparin were analyzed by colorimetric assay for antifactor Xa activity.
Mean free morphine concentration, peak value, and area under the curve did not differ significantly between the deltoid and dorsogluteal sites or between the jet injector and needle and syringe. Values of mean daily heparin concentrations and area under the curve were low and did not differ between the two injection methods.
Plasma drug concentrations provided by the Biojector were equivalent to those provided by conventional needle and syringe when administering intramuscular morphine and low-dose subcutaneous heparin.
在进行肌内或皮下给药时，喷射注射消除了受污染的针刺伤风险。在未发表的疫苗试验中，Biojector系统的临床疗效与针头和注射器注射相当，但尚未使用其他药物进行研究。
通过血浆药物浓度比较Biojector与传统针头和注射器注射在给健康成年人肌内注射吗啡和皮下注射肝素时的有效性。
对30名受试者在三角肌部位以及10名受试者在臀大肌部位，分别使用喷射注射器和针头及注射器，每隔24小时进行一次8毫克吗啡的肌内注射（体重≤65千克者为5毫克）。在15、30、45、60、120和240分钟采集血样以测定游离吗啡的血浆浓度，并使用放射免疫分析法进行分析。对29名受试者，两种注射方法均每8小时进行一次腹部皮下注射3500单位肝素，共注射5天，两次注射系列之间间隔48小时。每日采集血样，通过比色法分析血浆肝素的抗Xa因子活性。
三角肌部位和臀大肌部位之间，以及喷射注射器与针头和注射器之间，平均游离吗啡浓度、峰值和曲线下面积均无显著差异。平均每日肝素浓度值和曲线下面积较低，两种注射方法之间无差异。
在肌内注射吗啡和低剂量皮下注射肝素时，Biojector提供的血浆药物浓度与传统针头和注射器相当。
