Cotter T P, O'Shaughnessy E, Sheehan S, Cryan B, Bredin C P
Dept. of Respiratory Medicine, Cork University Hospital, Ireland.
Ir Med J. 1996 Mar-Apr;89(2):62-3.
Epidemiological and bacteriological aspects of human Mycobacterium bovis disease were investigated in south-west Ireland (counties Cork & Kerry, population 536,000) over the years 1983-92 inclusive and compared to M. tuberculosis. Results showed a small, stable incidence of culture positive M. bovis human disease, mean annual incidence 0.56 per 100,000 population compared to a higher but declining incidence of culture positive M. tuberculosis (15.3 per 100,000 in 1983, 9.0 per 100,000 in 1992). Male patients were the majority, 63.4 per cent of M. bovis; 62.4% of M. tuberculosis (p = 0.03). Fifty three per cent of M. bovis cases (n = 30) were pulmonary, compared to 85% of M. tuberculosis (n = 626; p = 0.0001). M. bovis patients were older (p = 0.02), mean age 58.4 years (SD 18.9) compared to 48.5 (SD 22.2). The mycobacterial smear positive rate was similar in both groups taken as a whole. No rural-urban difference in incidence was found in either disease, suggesting in the case of M. bovis initial infection in childhood via contaminated milk in the pre-pasteurisation era.
1983年至1992年期间（含1983年和1992年），在爱尔兰西南部（科克郡和凯里郡，人口53.6万）对牛分枝杆菌病的流行病学和细菌学方面进行了调查，并与结核分枝杆菌进行了比较。结果显示，培养阳性的牛分枝杆菌人类疾病发病率较低且稳定，平均年发病率为每10万人0.56例，而培养阳性的结核分枝杆菌发病率较高但呈下降趋势（1983年为每10万人15.3例，1992年为每10万人9.0例）。男性患者占多数，牛分枝杆菌患者中占63.4%；结核分枝杆菌患者中占62.4%（p = 0.03）。牛分枝杆菌病例的53%（n = 30）为肺部感染，而结核分枝杆菌病例的这一比例为85%（n = 626；p = 0.0001）。牛分枝杆菌患者年龄较大（p = 0.02），平均年龄58.4岁（标准差18.9），而结核分枝杆菌患者平均年龄为48.5岁（标准差22.2）。两组总体的分枝杆菌涂片阳性率相似。两种疾病在城乡发病率上均未发现差异，这表明牛分枝杆菌病的情况是在巴氏杀菌时代之前通过受污染的牛奶在儿童期初次感染。
