Korelitz B I, Present D H
Lenox Hill Hospital, Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Mt Sinai J Med. 1996 May-Sep;63(3-4):191-201.
If the cause of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis turns out to be some immunopathologic mechanism, many of the steps leading to such an understanding of their pathogenesis can be attributed to concepts that originated at The Mount Sinai Hospital. Perhaps immodestly, we can claim a role in the acceleration and the acceptance of these concepts; however, many contributions were made by others, including Moschkowitz, Klemperer, Otani, Crohn, Ginzburg, Oppenheimer, Marshak, and Janowitz. This does not mean that clinicians and researchers from other institutions did not contribute to this understanding. As happens so often in medical history, elucidation of many disease processes are serendipitous. The concept of autoimmune diseases was introduced when we were house officers at Mount Sinai. The early days of transplant surgery soon followed along with the introduction by Hitchings and Elion of azathioprine to inhibit rejection. The concept of immunosuppression slowly evolved into possible treatment of any disease thought to be caused by autoimmunity, including those diseases of the bowel, seen so frequently at The Mount Sinai Hospital: ileitis, granulomatous colitis, ileocolitis, and ulcerative colitis. Although most of the world called granulomatous disease of the bowel Crohn's disease, it was only after the deaths of Drs. Crohn, Ginzburg, and Oppenheimer that we accepted this single eponym. However, we will always pay tribute to all three Mount Sinai physicians who wrote the original paper that described the disease.
如果事实证明克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎的病因是某种免疫病理机制，那么在对其发病机制的理解过程中，许多关键步骤都可归功于源自西奈山医院的一些概念。或许这么说有些自夸，但我们可以宣称在这些概念的加速传播和被接受方面发挥了作用；然而，包括莫斯科维茨、克莱姆佩雷尔、大谷、克罗恩、金兹伯格、奥本海默、马沙克和贾诺维茨在内的其他人也做出了许多贡献。这并不意味着其他机构的临床医生和研究人员没有为这种理解做出贡献。在医学史上经常发生的情况是，许多疾病进程的阐明都是偶然的。当我们还是西奈山医院的住院医生时，自身免疫性疾病的概念就被提出了。随后不久，移植手术的早期阶段随之而来，希钦斯和伊莱昂引入了硫唑嘌呤来抑制排斥反应。免疫抑制的概念逐渐演变成可能用于治疗任何被认为由自身免疫引起的疾病，包括在西奈山医院经常见到的肠道疾病：回肠炎、肉芽肿性结肠炎、回结肠病和溃疡性结肠炎。尽管世界上大多数人将肠道肉芽肿性疾病称为克罗恩病，但直到克罗恩博士、金兹伯格博士和奥本海默博士去世后，我们才接受了这个单一的以人名命名的疾病名称。然而，我们将永远缅怀撰写描述该疾病原始论文的三位西奈山医院的医生。
