Timmerman M G
Dean Clinic Sports Medicine, Madison, WI 53715, USA.
Wis Med J. 1996 Jun;95(6):351-4.
Adolescent female athletes represent unique medical challenges. Although still limited, research and understanding of their particular problems has grown over the past 3 decades as female sports participation has increased dramatically. Despite concerns, however, exercise and athletic activity are safe and beneficial for girls and young women, and may help them develop positive attitudes toward self-image and body satisfaction. Several musculoskeletal injuries fairly common among female athletes may be related to structural development. Iron and calcium deficiencies are frequent nutritional concerns for these girls. Disordered eating, a phenomenon exhibited by many adolescent females, may not be more prevalent in athletes. Amenorrhea is a common problem for female athletes, and may contribute significantly to stress fractures and future osteoporosis. For these and other reasons, physicians must be aware of these issues to better help their female patients safely participate in athletics.
青春期女性运动员面临着独特的医学挑战。尽管相关研究仍然有限，但随着女性参与体育运动的人数在过去三十年中急剧增加，对她们特定问题的研究和了解也有所增长。然而，尽管存在诸多担忧，但运动和体育活动对女孩和年轻女性来说是安全且有益的，并且可能有助于她们培养对自我形象和身体满意度的积极态度。女性运动员中几种相当常见的肌肉骨骼损伤可能与结构发育有关。缺铁和缺钙是这些女孩常见的营养问题。饮食失调是许多青春期女性表现出的一种现象，在运动员中可能并不更普遍。闭经是女性运动员的常见问题，可能会显著增加应力性骨折和未来骨质疏松症的风险。出于这些以及其他原因，医生必须了解这些问题，以便更好地帮助女性患者安全地参与体育运动。
