Balogh I, Maráz A
Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Horticulture and Food Industry, Budapest, Hungary.
Lett Appl Microbiol. 1996 Jun;22(6):400-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.1996.tb01189.x.
STA genes are responsible for producing extracellular glucoamylase enzymes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. diastaticus. These genes exist in three forms, which are located on three different chromosomes. The nucleotide sequences of the STA genes are highly homologous. A sporulation-specific glucoamylase gene called SGA1 exists in every Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, this also having a partly homologous DNA sequence with the STA genes. In this study S. cerevisiae var. diastaticus and brewer's yeast strains were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. In many cases chromosome length polymorphism (CLP) was found. The chromosomes were hybridized with a DNA probe which was homologous with STA genes and the SGA1 gene. Presence of the SGA1 gene was detected in each strain used. Four brewing yeasts were found to have homologous sequences with the STA3 gene on chromosome XIV despite the fact that these strains were not able to produce extracellular glucoamylase enzyme.
STA基因负责在糖化酵母变种中产生细胞外葡糖淀粉酶。这些基因以三种形式存在，位于三条不同的染色体上。STA基因的核苷酸序列高度同源。每个酿酒酵母菌株中都存在一个名为SGA1的孢子形成特异性葡糖淀粉酶基因，它也与STA基因有部分同源的DNA序列。在本研究中，利用脉冲场凝胶电泳对糖化酵母变种和啤酒酵母菌株进行了表征。在许多情况下发现了染色体长度多态性（CLP）。用与STA基因和SGA1基因同源的DNA探针杂交染色体。在所使用的每个菌株中都检测到了SGA1基因的存在。尽管有四种啤酒酵母菌株不能产生细胞外葡糖淀粉酶，但发现它们在第十四条染色体上与STA3基因有同源序列。
