Drummond J F, Dominici J T, Sammon P J, Okazaki K, Geissler R, Lifland M I, Anderson S A, Renshaw W
Department of Oral Health Science, University of Kentucky College of Dentistry, Lexington 40536-0084, USA.
J Oral Implantol. 1995;21(4):295-303.
This study used light and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) histomorphometric methods to quantitate the rate of osseointegration of totally porous titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) implants prepared by a novel fabrication technique--electrodischarge compaction (EDC). EDC was used to fuse 150-250-micrometer spherical titanium alloy beads into 4 X 6 mm cylindrical implants through application of a 300-microsecond pulse of high-voltage/high-current density. Two sterilized implants were surgically placed into each tibia of 20 New Zealand white rabbits and left in situ for periods corresponding to 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks. At each time point, 4 rabbits were humanely killed, and the implants with surrounding bone were removed, fixed, and sectioned for light and SEM studies. The degree of osseointegration was quantitated by means of a True Grid Digitizing Pad and Jandel Scan Version 3.9 software on an IBM PS/2 computer. The total pore area occupied by bone was divided by the total pore area available for bone ingrowth, and a Bone Ingrowth Factor (BIF) was calculated as a percent. The light microscopic results showed BIFs of 4% at week 2, 47% at week 4, 62% at week 8, 84% at week 12, and greater than 90% at week 24. The SEM results showed BIFs of 5% at week 2, 34% at week 4, 69% at week 8, 75% at week 12, and in excess of 90% at week 24. The results of this study show that EDC implants are biocompatible and support rapid osseointegration in the rabbit tibia and suggest that, after additional studies, they may be suitable for use as dental implants in humans.
本研究采用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）组织形态计量学方法，对通过一种新型制造技术——放电压实（EDC）制备的全多孔钛合金（Ti-6Al-4V）植入物的骨整合速率进行定量分析。通过施加300微秒的高压/高电流密度脉冲，利用EDC将150 - 250微米的球形钛合金珠熔合成4×6毫米的圆柱形植入物。将两个经过消毒的植入物手术植入20只新西兰白兔的每只胫骨中，并在原位留置相当于2、4、8、12和24周的时间。在每个时间点，对4只兔子实施安乐死，取出带有周围骨组织的植入物，进行固定和切片，用于光学显微镜和SEM研究。利用True Grid数字化平板和IBM PS/2计算机上的Jandel Scan 3.9版软件对骨整合程度进行定量分析。将骨占据的总孔隙面积除以可供骨长入的总孔隙面积，计算出骨长入因子（BIF），以百分比表示。光学显微镜结果显示，第2周时BIF为4%，第4周时为47%，第8周时为62%，第12周时为84%，第24周时大于90%。SEM结果显示，第2周时BIF为5%，第4周时为34%，第8周时为69%，第12周时为75%，第24周时超过90%。本研究结果表明，EDC植入物具有生物相容性，能在兔胫骨中支持快速骨整合，并表明在经过进一步研究后，它们可能适合用作人类牙科植入物。
