Allergic and nonallergic rhinitis. Directing medical therapy at specific symptoms.

Rhinitis is a common complaint, especially during the allergy season. Physicians can often identify the probable allergen or irritant with history taking, and skin tests may be helpful in confirming the clinical impression. Often, environmental control measures can provide significant relief. Successful drug treatment hinges on selection of the proper class of medication for a given patient's type and severity of symptoms. Antihistamines remain a mainstay for reducing sneezing, itching, and nasal discharge. New oral agents are nonsedating, and an eyedrop form is available for bothersome eye symptoms. Decongestants reduce nasal blockage and are often especially beneficial when used in combination with antihistamines, In moderate to severe rhinitis, intranasal corticosteroids are the most effective treatment.