Martin P J, Moore J E, Sterne A L, McNairy R M
J Clin Psychol. 1977 Apr;33(2):502-10. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(197704)33:2<502::aid-jclp2270330237>3.0.co;2-b.
Therapists' expectancies for therapeutic gain in patients reputedly are linked to the actual outcome of treatment for their patients. Theoretical papers have suggested that therapists' expectancies may cause or facilitate patient therapeutic response to treatment. Unfortunately, empirical data related to these notions are greatly lacking. The present study tested the relationship between therapist expectancy and treatment outcome for hospitalized schizophrenic patients. It also tested two opposing hypotheses re the nature of the link between therapist expectancy and outcome (causative vs. predictive). Multiple regression analyses revealed that therapists' expectancies are multi-dimensional, formed partly on the basis of therapists' knowledge of psychopathology in general and partly on their perception of their patients' pretreatment adjustment. The analyses also revealed that therapists' expectancies were associated significantly with treatment outcome; the data supported a predictive, not causative, interpretation of the nature of therapists' expectancies.
据说，治疗师对患者治疗效果的预期与患者治疗的实际结果相关。理论论文表明，治疗师的预期可能会导致或促进患者对治疗的反应。不幸的是，与这些观点相关的实证数据非常缺乏。本研究测试了住院精神分裂症患者的治疗师预期与治疗结果之间的关系。它还测试了关于治疗师预期与结果之间联系性质的两个相反假设（因果关系与预测关系）。多元回归分析表明，治疗师的预期是多维的，部分基于治疗师对一般精神病理学的了解，部分基于他们对患者治疗前适应情况的认知。分析还表明，治疗师的预期与治疗结果显著相关；数据支持对治疗师预期性质的预测性而非因果性解释。
