Martin P J, Moore J E, Sterne A L, Lindsey C J
J Clin Psychol. 1977 Jan;33(1):254-8. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(197701)33:1+<254::aid-jclp2270330159>3.0.co;2-b.
Although it is widely held that patients' expectancies for therapeutic gain are related causally to treatment outcome, a recent review of expectancy research found scant evidence for the hypothesized expectancy-outcome relationship. Supportive findings were reported only in studies with serious methodological weaknesses. This study tested the relationship between the prognostic expectancies of hospitalized schizophrenic patients and several objective measures of hospital outcome. It also tested the hypothesis that expectancies may bear primarily a predictive, not causal, relationship to outcome. Multiple regression analyses found patients' expectancies to be correlated significantly with 8 of 15 measures of posthospital adjustment and with 14 of 15 measures of prehospital adjustment. The findings supported the expectancy-outcome relationship and also were consistent with a predictive interpretation of patients' expectancies.
尽管人们普遍认为患者对治疗效果的期望与治疗结果存在因果关系，但最近一项对期望研究的综述发现，几乎没有证据支持假设的期望与结果之间的关系。仅在方法上存在严重缺陷的研究中报告了支持性结果。本研究测试了住院精神分裂症患者的预后期望与几种医院结局客观指标之间的关系。它还测试了这样一个假设，即期望可能主要与结果存在预测性而非因果关系。多元回归分析发现，患者的期望与出院后调整的15项指标中的8项以及入院前调整的15项指标中的14项显著相关。这些发现支持了期望与结果之间的关系，也与对患者期望的预测性解释一致。
