Schreiner P J, Terry J G, Evans G W, Hinson W H, Crouse J R, Heiss G
Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55454-1015, USA.
Am J Epidemiol. 1996 Aug 15;144(4):335-45. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008934.
Accurate measurement of central fat patterning is difficult to obtain by conventional anthropometry. Direct measurement of intra-abdominal fat area by magnetic resonance imaging, while accurate, is impractical for large-scale observational studies. This report examines the sex-specific associations of conventional anthropometric indices with intra-abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat areas measured by magnetic resonance imaging. A total of 157 volunteers (97 men and 60 women) aged 48-68 years of predominately white ethnicity had intra-abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat areas measured as part of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Weight, body mass index, waist circumference, waist : hip ratio, and subscapular skinfold thickness were measured or calculated by a standardized protocol. On average, women had a lower intra-abdominal fat area than men (109.5 cm2 vs. 152.9 cm2) but a higher mean subcutaneous fat area (287.8 cm2 vs. 214.6 cm2). After adjustment for age, intra-abdominal fat area was quadratically associated with body mass index, waist circumference, weight, and subscapular skinfold thickness in men; in women, these associations were best modeled by a positive linear equation. Waist : hip ratio was linearly related to intra-abdominal fat area in both sexes. In general, anthropometric measures predicted lower percentages of the total variance in intra-abdominal fat area for men than for women. For subcutaneous fat area, all anthropometric indices were linearly associated and predicted more of the variance in subcutaneous fat area than in intra-abdominal fat area. These results indicate that among men, greater intra-abdominal fat deposition rates occur at relatively low body weights and fat is more uniformly deposited at higher weights. Women appear to deposit intra-abdominal fat at a constant rate as they gain weight, even after menopause. The authors conclude that when waist circumference or body mass index is used as a surrogate for intra-abdominal fat area in men, a quadratic term should be included in the analysis as a predictor variable. Subcutaneous fat area can be estimated well by linear measures commonly employed in epidemiologic studies.
通过传统人体测量法很难准确测量中心性脂肪分布情况。通过磁共振成像直接测量腹内脂肪面积虽然准确，但对于大规模观察性研究而言并不实用。本报告研究了传统人体测量指标与通过磁共振成像测量的腹内脂肪和皮下脂肪面积之间的性别特异性关联。共有157名年龄在48 - 68岁、主要为白人种族的志愿者（97名男性和60名女性）参与了社区动脉粥样硬化风险（ARIC）研究，其中对他们的腹内脂肪和皮下脂肪面积进行了测量。体重、体重指数、腰围、腰臀比和肩胛下皮褶厚度通过标准化方案进行测量或计算。平均而言，女性的腹内脂肪面积低于男性（109.5平方厘米对152.9平方厘米），但平均皮下脂肪面积高于男性（287.8平方厘米对214.6平方厘米）。在调整年龄后，男性的腹内脂肪面积与体重指数、腰围、体重和肩胛下皮褶厚度呈二次方关联；在女性中，这些关联最好用正线性方程来建模。腰臀比在两性中均与腹内脂肪面积呈线性相关。总体而言，人体测量指标预测男性腹内脂肪面积总方差的百分比低于女性。对于皮下脂肪面积，所有人体测量指标均呈线性相关，且预测皮下脂肪面积方差的比例高于腹内脂肪面积。这些结果表明，在男性中，相对较低体重时腹内脂肪沉积率较高，而在较高体重时脂肪沉积更为均匀。女性在体重增加时，即使在绝经后，似乎也以恒定速率沉积腹内脂肪。作者得出结论，当将腰围或体重指数用作男性腹内脂肪面积的替代指标时，分析中应纳入二次项作为预测变量。皮下脂肪面积可以通过流行病学研究中常用的线性测量方法很好地估计。
