Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Pediatrics Research in Obesity and Metabolism (CPROM), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Pediatrics Research in Obesity and Metabolism (CPROM), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Endocrinology Division at UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute (VMI), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Biochem Pharmacol. 2022 Dec;206:115324. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115324. Epub 2022 Oct 27.
Obesity and hypertension are intimately linked due to the various ways that the important cell types such as vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), endothelial cells (EC), immune cells, and adipocytes, communicate with one another to contribute to these two pathologies. Adipose tissue is a very dynamic organ comprised primarily of adipocytes, which are well known for their role in energy storage. More recently adipose tissue has been recognized as the largest endocrine organ because of its ability to produce a vast number of signaling molecules called adipokines. These signaling molecules stimulate specific types of cells or tissues with many adipokines acting as indicators of adipocyte healthy function, such as adiponectin, omentin, and FGF21, which show anti-inflammatory or cardioprotective effects, acting as regulators of healthy physiological function. Others, like visfatin, chemerin, resistin, and leptin are often altered during pathophysiological circumstances like obesity and lipodystrophy, demonstrating negative cardiovascular outcomes when produced in excess. This review aims to explore the role of adipocytes and their derived products as well as the impacts of these adipokines on blood pressure regulation and cardiovascular homeostasis.
肥胖症和高血压之间存在密切关联，这是由于各种重要细胞类型（如血管平滑肌细胞 [VSMC]、内皮细胞 [EC]、免疫细胞和脂肪细胞）相互之间通过多种方式进行交流，从而导致这两种病理状态的发生。脂肪组织是一个非常活跃的器官，主要由脂肪细胞组成，这些细胞以其在能量储存方面的作用而闻名。最近，脂肪组织被认为是最大的内分泌器官，因为它能够产生大量被称为脂肪因子的信号分子。这些信号分子刺激特定类型的细胞或组织，许多脂肪因子作为脂肪细胞健康功能的指标，如脂联素、网膜素和 FGF21，它们具有抗炎或心脏保护作用，是健康生理功能的调节剂。其他脂肪因子，如内脏脂肪素、趋化素、抵抗素和瘦素，在肥胖症和脂肪营养不良等病理生理情况下通常会发生改变，当过量产生时会导致心血管不良后果。本综述旨在探讨脂肪细胞及其衍生产物的作用，以及这些脂肪因子对血压调节和心血管稳态的影响。
