Kennedy N, Berger L, Curram J, Fox R, Gutmann J, Kisyombe G M, Ngowi F I, Ramsay A R, Saruni A O, Sam N, Tillotson G, Uiso L O, Yates M, Gillespie S H
Department of Medical Microbiology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Clin Infect Dis. 1996 May;22(5):827-33. doi: 10.1093/clinids/22.5.827.
The fluoroquinolones are promising new antituberculous agents. A randomized controlled trial of 200 adult patients with sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis was conducted in Tanzania. Patients received either a trial regimen (HRC) consisting of isoniazid (300 mg), rifampin (600 mg), and ciprofloxacin (750 mg) or a control regimen (HRZE) consisting of isoniazid (300 mg), rifampin (600 mg), pyrazinamide (25 mg/kg), and ethambutol (15 mg/kg). The 168 evaluable patients all had negative smears and cultures by month 6, but the time to conversion to negativity was longer for the HRC group than for the HRZE group because of the poor response of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to the HRC regimen. Relapse was more frequent in the HRC group. The sterilizing activity of ciprofloxacin does not appear to be equal to that of the combination of pyrazinamide and ethambutol, but the difference in outcome was significant only among HIV-infected patients.
氟喹诺酮类是很有前景的新型抗结核药物。在坦桑尼亚对200例痰涂片阳性的成年肺结核患者进行了一项随机对照试验。患者接受了一种试验方案（HRC），该方案由异烟肼（300毫克）、利福平（600毫克）和环丙沙星（750毫克）组成，或者接受一种对照方案（HRZE），该方案由异烟肼（300毫克）、利福平（600毫克）、吡嗪酰胺（25毫克/千克）和乙胺丁醇（15毫克/千克）组成。到第6个月时，168例可评估患者的痰涂片和培养结果均为阴性，但由于感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的患者对HRC方案反应不佳，HRC组转为阴性的时间比HRZE组长。HRC组的复发更为频繁。环丙沙星的杀菌活性似乎不如吡嗪酰胺和乙胺丁醇联合使用的杀菌活性，但仅在HIV感染患者中，结果差异具有显著性。
