Parameswaran G, De Lisi R D
Department Southwest Missouri State University, Springfield 65804-0095, USA.
Percept Mot Skills. 1996 Apr;82(2):595-603. doi: 10.2466/pms.1996.82.2.595.
90 undergraduates with low spatial perceptual ability were assigned to one of three groups of control, learner-guided instructions, and tutor-guided instructions. The groups differed in amount and type of spatial training administered in a laboratory setting. Participants completed horizontality and vertically spatial perceptual tasks immediately after pretesting and again one month later. Both groups given training showed more accurate performance at posttest than at pretest. In addition, the learner-guided instruction group outperformed the tutor-guided instruction group and control group at posttest and on novel but related tasks. Gender differences in posttest performance favoring males (n = 35) were obtained in the tutor-guided performance group and control group but not in the learner-guided instruction group. The number of hints the latter needed during training was predictive of posttest performance. Implications for assessment and remediation of undergraduates' spatial perceptual abilities are discussed.
90名空间感知能力较低的本科生被分为三组，分别为对照组、学习者指导组和导师指导组。这三组在实验室环境中接受的空间训练量和类型有所不同。参与者在预测试后立即完成水平和垂直空间感知任务，并在一个月后再次进行测试。接受训练的两组在测试后的表现均比预测试时更准确。此外，学习者指导组在测试后以及新颖但相关的任务上表现优于导师指导组和对照组。在导师指导组和对照组中，测试后表现存在有利于男性（n = 35）的性别差异，但在学习者指导组中没有。后者在训练期间所需的提示数量可预测测试后的表现。本文讨论了对本科生空间感知能力评估和补救的启示。
