Tetrahydroisoquinolines and alcoholism: where are we today?

The present status of research on the tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ) family of compounds and other aldehyde metabolites in the field of alcoholism is described. A brief history of the background of experimental studies on the actions of the THIQ's and beta-carbolines on alcohol drinking is presented. A computer data base search of articles published in this field reveals that both the historical and current research trends have waxed and waned since the 1960s. The clinical utility of naltrexone in terms of the cerebral function of opioid compounds in drinking behavior and alcoholism is likewise considered. Finally, the residual controversy concerning the significance of multiple intermediary metabolites in alcohol dependence and craving should ultimately be resolved in the future by broad-based investigations which employ state-of-the-art experimental approaches.