Wood W
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Medical Allied Health Professions 27599-7120, USA.
Am J Occup Ther. 1996 May;50(5):327-37. doi: 10.5014/ajot.50.5.327.
The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the value of a constraint-free study of occupation to occupational therapy. Constraint-free study refers to interdisciplinary scholarly inquiry that seeks to generate a deep understanding of how important occupations influence adaptation and health. Drawing on knowledge from animal behavior, anthropology, evolutionary biology, psychology, and primatology, primate play is discussed. Such knowledge enhances understanding of therapeutic play contexts and of play's integrative impact on occupational performance. Moreover, a robust understanding of vital occupations, such as play, empowers practitioners, thereby reducing the profession's vulnerability to external forces that diminish its economic and political position in the health care market. Precedents within and outside occupational therapy are described whereby control over the acquisition of basic knowledge has proven to be beneficial. It is concluded that both occupational therapy and occupational science will strongly benefit from their shared commitment to understanding the complexities of occupation.
本文旨在论证对职业进行无约束研究对于职业治疗的价值。无约束研究指的是跨学科的学术探究，旨在深入理解重要职业如何影响适应与健康。借鉴动物行为学、人类学、进化生物学、心理学和灵长类学的知识，本文对灵长类动物的玩耍进行了探讨。这些知识有助于加深对治疗性玩耍情境以及玩耍对职业表现的综合影响的理解。此外，对诸如玩耍等重要职业的深入理解能增强从业者的能力，从而降低该专业在医疗保健市场中因外部力量而削弱其经济和政治地位的脆弱性。文中描述了职业治疗领域内外的先例，证明对基础知识获取的掌控已被证实是有益的。结论是，职业治疗和职业科学都将因共同致力于理解职业的复杂性而受益匪浅。
