Uauy R, Peirano P, Hoffman D, Mena P, Birch D, Birch E
Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Lipids. 1996 Mar;31 Suppl:S167-76. doi: 10.1007/BF02637071.
The basis for n-3 fatty acid essentially in humans includes not only biochemical evidence but functional measures associated with n-3 deficiency in human and nonhuman primates. Functional development of the retina and the occipital cortex are affected by alpha-linolenic acid deficiency and by a lack of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in preterm infant formulas and, as reported more recently, in term diets. Functional effects of n-3 supply on sleep-wake cycles and heart rate rhythms support the need for dietary n-3 fatty acids during early development. Our results indicate that n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids should be considered provisionally essential for infant nutrition. DHA may also be required by individuals with inherited metabolic defects in elongation and desaturation activity, such as patients with peroxisomal disorders and some forms of retinitis pigmentosa.
人体中n-3脂肪酸的基础不仅包括生化证据，还包括与人类和非人类灵长类动物n-3缺乏相关的功能指标。视网膜和枕叶皮质的功能发育会受到α-亚麻酸缺乏以及早产儿配方奶粉中二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）缺乏的影响，并且最近有报道称足月饮食中也存在这种情况。n-3供应对睡眠-觉醒周期和心率节律的功能影响支持了早期发育期间膳食中n-3脂肪酸的必要性。我们的结果表明，n-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸应被暂时视为婴儿营养所必需。患有延伸和去饱和活性遗传性代谢缺陷的个体，如过氧化物酶体疾病患者和某些形式的视网膜色素变性患者，可能也需要DHA。
