Komiya S, Masuda T, Ube M, Mitsuzono R
Institute of Health Science, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Japan.
Appl Human Sci. 1996 Jan;15(1):5-11. doi: 10.2114/jpa.15.5.
The purpose of this study was to determine differences in body size, composition and structure between three somatotypes of Japanese college-aged women. The study sample consisted of 30 sedentary female college students between 18 and 20 years of age. Ten subjects had an endomorphic ectomorph somatotype (mean weight 41.95 kg), 10 had an endomorph-ectomorph somatotype (mean weight 47.12 kg) and the remaining subjects had a mesomorphic endomorph somatotype (mean weight 55.37 kg). The mean heights for these groups did not differ significantly. The mesomorphic endomorph group had a higher gross weight and a higher percentage of all adipose variables than the other two groups, though these measurements were not significantly different between the endomorph-ectomorph and the endomorphic ectomorph groups. The mean lean body weight (LBW) for the mesomorphic endomorph group was significantly larger than that of the other two groups. The endomorph-ectomorph group had the next largest LBW, and the mean for the endomorphic ectomorph group was significantly smaller than that of the other two groups. Inversely, mean values of LBW/weight(WT), LBW/total adipose tissue weight (TATW) ratio and total body water/WT were significantly lower for the mesomorphic endomorph group than for the other two groups. Furthermore, the ratios of internal adipose tissue to weight (IATW)/WT and subcutaneous adipose tissue to IATW (SATW)/IATW did not differ significantly between groups. In conclusion, college-aged women of different somatotypes within the same age and height range varied in body composition. Consequently, the notion of a small frame is incorrect. An accurate assessment of the human body's composition may provide a valuable insight into the ideal weight for optimal physiologic function.
本研究的目的是确定日本大学适龄女性三种体型在身体大小、组成和结构上的差异。研究样本包括30名18至20岁久坐不动的女大学生。10名受试者为内胚层-外胚层体型（平均体重41.95千克），10名受试者为内胚层-中胚层体型（平均体重47.12千克），其余受试者为中胚层-内胚层体型（平均体重55.37千克）。这些组别的平均身高没有显著差异。中胚层-内胚层组的总体重和所有脂肪变量的百分比均高于其他两组，不过内胚层-中胚层组和内胚层-外胚层组之间的这些测量值没有显著差异。中胚层-内胚层组的平均去脂体重（LBW）显著大于其他两组。内胚层-中胚层组的LBW次之，内胚层-外胚层组的平均值显著小于其他两组。相反，中胚层-内胚层组的LBW/体重（WT）、LBW/总脂肪组织重量（TATW）比值以及总体水/WT的平均值显著低于其他两组。此外，组间内部脂肪组织与体重（IATW）/WT的比值以及皮下脂肪组织与IATW（SATW）/IATW的比值没有显著差异。总之，同一年龄和身高范围内不同体型的大学适龄女性在身体组成方面存在差异。因此，小骨架的观念是不正确的。对人体组成进行准确评估可能有助于深入了解实现最佳生理功能的理想体重。
