Winch P J, Makemba A M, Kamazima S R, Lurie M, Lwihula G K, Premji Z, Minjas J N, Shiff C J
Bagamoyo Bed Net Project, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Soc Sci Med. 1996 Apr;42(7):1057-67. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(95)00293-6.
This paper reviews results of several ethnographic studies that have examined the issue of local terminology for malaria in Africa, then presents findings from an on-going study in Bagamoyo District, Tanzania. The study used a mixture of qualitative and quantitative interview methods to examine local perceptions of malaria and malaria treatment practices. Although the local term homa ya malaria or malaria fever appeared on the surface to correspond closely with the biomedical term malaria, significant and often subtle differences were found between the two terms. Of perhaps greatest importance, common consequences of malaria in endemic areas such as cerebral malaria in young children, severe anaemia and malaria in pregnancy were not connected with homa ya malaria by many people. A set of guidelines are described that were used to determine how best to promote acceptance and use of insecticide-impregnated mosquito nets, given these results. It is demonstrated that the position of the term used to denote malaria in the local taxonomy of febrile illnesses has important implications for the design of health education interventions.
本文回顾了几项人种学研究的结果，这些研究探讨了非洲疟疾的当地术语问题，然后介绍了坦桑尼亚巴加莫约区一项正在进行的研究的结果。该研究采用定性和定量访谈方法相结合的方式，来考察当地人对疟疾及疟疾治疗方法的认知。尽管当地术语“homa ya malaria”或“疟疾热”表面上与生物医学术语“疟疾”密切对应，但发现这两个术语之间存在显著且往往细微的差异。也许最重要的是，在疟疾流行地区，疟疾的常见后果，如幼儿的脑型疟疾、严重贫血和妊娠疟疾，许多人并未将其与“homa ya malaria”联系起来。鉴于这些结果，本文描述了一套用于确定如何最好地推广使用杀虫剂处理过的蚊帐的指导方针。结果表明，在发热疾病的当地分类法中，用于表示疟疾的术语的位置对健康教育干预措施的设计具有重要影响。
