Alape-Giron A, Stiles B G, Gutierrez J M
Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiologia, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.
Toxicon. 1996 Mar;34(3):369-80. doi: 10.1016/0041-0101(95)00126-3.
An ELISA based, non-radioactive acetylcholine receptor (AchR) binding assay was used to detect the alpha-neurotoxins present in Micrurus nigrocinctus nigrocinctus venom. Sera from horses hyperimmunized against M. nigrocinctus venom contain antibodies which inhibit the binding of M. n. nigrocinctus alpha-neurotoxins to AchR and reverse the binding of toxins already complexed with the receptor. This result supports the importance of using antivenom therapeutically in M. n. nigrocinctus envenomations even after the onset of neurological symptoms. M. nigrocinctus antivenoms cross-reacted in an ELISA with several elapid alpha-neurotoxins and inhibited the binding of Bungarus multicinctus alpha-bungarotoxin and Naja naja oxiana neurotoxin II to AchR in vitro, suggesting the presence of short-chain and long-chain alpha-neurotoxins in M. nigrocinctus venom. In vivo neutralization experiments with M. nigrocinctus antivenom demonstrate that M. nigrocinctus venom contains short-chain alpha-neurotoxin(s) which share common neutralizing epitope(s) with Naja naja oxiana neurotoxin II.
采用基于酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）的非放射性乙酰胆碱受体（AchR）结合试验，检测黑带珊瑚蛇（Micrurus nigrocinctus nigrocinctus）毒液中存在的α-神经毒素。经黑带珊瑚蛇毒液超免疫的马血清中含有抗体，这些抗体可抑制黑带珊瑚蛇α-神经毒素与AchR的结合，并逆转已与受体结合的毒素的结合。这一结果支持了即使在出现神经症状后，在黑带珊瑚蛇咬伤治疗中使用抗蛇毒血清的重要性。黑带珊瑚蛇抗蛇毒血清在ELISA中与几种眼镜蛇科α-神经毒素发生交叉反应，并在体外抑制银环蛇（Bungarus multicinctus）α-银环蛇毒素和中亚眼镜蛇（Naja naja oxiana）神经毒素II与AchR的结合，表明黑带珊瑚蛇毒液中存在短链和长链α-神经毒素。用黑带珊瑚蛇抗蛇毒血清进行的体内中和实验表明，黑带珊瑚蛇毒液中含有短链α-神经毒素，其与中亚眼镜蛇神经毒素II具有共同的中和表位。
