Einfeld S L, Tonge B J
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Australia.
J Intellect Disabil Res. 1996 Apr;40 ( Pt 2):99-109. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2788.1996.768768.x.
This paper reports findings from an epidemiologically derived population in a multicentre study in NSW, Australia. The design of this study is described in the accompanying paper. Those with mild intellectual disability (ID) were likely to have been underascertained, but identification and participation rates for those with more severe ID were high. The study found that in the regions surveyed 40.7% of those with ID and aged between 4 and 18 could be classified as having severe emotional and behaviour disorder or as being psychiatrically disordered. The profoundly intellectually handicapped had lower levels of disturbance overall compared with those with mild, moderate and severe ID. The level of ID affected scores on a number of behavioural dimensions, with disruptive and antisocial behaviours more prominent in the mild ID group, and 'self-absorbed' and 'autistic' behaviours more prominent in those with severe ID. Age and sex did not affect prevalence, a finding that is in contrast to that found in general child psychopathology. The study found that fewer than 10% of children with intellectual disability and major psychiatric disorder had received specialist assistance.
本文报告了澳大利亚新南威尔士州一项多中心研究中来自流行病学抽样人群的研究结果。本研究的设计在随附论文中进行了描述。轻度智力残疾（ID）者可能未被充分识别，但重度ID者的识别率和参与率较高。研究发现，在所调查的地区，4至18岁的ID者中有40.7%可被归类为患有严重情绪和行为障碍或精神疾病。与轻度、中度和重度ID者相比，极重度智力障碍者的总体困扰水平较低。ID程度影响多个行为维度的得分，轻度ID组中破坏性行为和反社会行为更为突出，而重度ID者中“自我专注”和“自闭症”行为更为突出。年龄和性别不影响患病率，这一发现与一般儿童精神病理学的研究结果相反。研究发现，患有智力残疾和重度精神疾病的儿童中，接受专科援助的不到10%。
