Dancu C V, Riggs D S, Hearst-Ikeda D, Shoyer B G, Foa E B
Medical College of Pennsylvania, Eastern Pennsylvania Psychiatric Institute, Philadelphia 19129, USA.
J Trauma Stress. 1996 Apr;9(2):253-67. doi: 10.1007/BF02110659.
This study examines the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and dissociative experiences in a sample of 158 recent female assault victims (74 rape, 84 nonsexual assault) and 46 comparison subjects who had not been assaulted within the last year. Results indicated that victims had elevated scores on Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) as compared to the comparison subjects, but that this elevation was not as high as for other traumatized samples. The level of dissociation reported by assault victims declined significantly over the three month course of the study. DES scores were related to PTSD diagnosis and symptom severity, but only among nonsexual assault victims. In rape victims, there was no correlation between dissociation and PTSD. Recent victims with a history of childhood sexual abuse were significantly more dissociative than those who did not report such a history. These results are discussed with regard to vulnerability factors for developing PTSD subsequent to a criminal assault.
本研究考察了158名近期遭受性侵的女性受害者（74名强奸受害者，84名非性侵犯受害者）以及46名在过去一年中未遭受过侵犯的对照受试者样本中创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）与分离体验之间的关系。结果表明，与对照受试者相比，受害者在分离体验量表（DES）上的得分更高，但这种升高程度不如其他受创伤样本。在为期三个月的研究过程中，性侵受害者报告的分离水平显著下降。DES得分与PTSD诊断及症状严重程度相关，但仅在非性侵犯受害者中如此。在强奸受害者中，分离与PTSD之间无相关性。有童年期性虐待史的近期受害者比未报告此类病史的受害者的分离程度显著更高。针对刑事侵犯后发生PTSD的易感性因素对这些结果进行了讨论。
