Kent J E, Thrusfield M V, Robertson I S, Molony V
Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Summerhall.
Vet Rec. 1996 Apr 20;138(16):384-7. doi: 10.1136/vr.138.16.384.
A postal survey of farmers was conducted to determine the main methods used to castrate calves, and by whom and how they were applied. Among the 28 per cent of farmers who replied, those who did castrate calves used one or more of three methods: the Burdizzo was used by 43 per cent of farmers, surgery by 39 per cent, and rubber rings by 32 per cent, with 10 per cent using more than one method. Calves were castrated at all ages from less than one week to over six months, with one third of them being castrated at an age that legally requires the operation to be done under local anaesthesia by a veterinary surgeon. Rubber rings were never used by veterinary surgeons, but they carried out 43 per cent of surgical castrations, which was the method of choice in older calves. Local anaesthetic was used on 15 per cent of farms, mainly for surgical castrations. Sixty-seven per cent of farmers using the Burdizzo applied it twice, with the majority correctly applying the second crush below the first, and 90 per cent used precautions to control infection after surgical castration.
开展了一项针对农民的邮政调查，以确定阉割小牛的主要方法、实施者以及实施方式。在回复的28%的农民中，那些阉割小牛的人使用了三种方法中的一种或多种：43%的农民使用布尔迪佐去势器，39%的农民采用手术阉割，32%的农民使用橡胶圈，10%的农民使用不止一种方法。小牛在从不到一周龄到六个多月的各个年龄段都有被阉割的情况，其中三分之一是在法律要求必须由兽医在局部麻醉下进行手术的年龄被阉割的。兽医从不使用橡胶圈，但他们实施了43%的手术阉割，这是年龄较大小牛的首选方法。15%的农场使用局部麻醉，主要用于手术阉割。使用布尔迪佐去势器的农民中有67%进行了两次操作，大多数人正确地在第一次挤压下方进行第二次挤压，90%的人在手术阉割后采取了预防感染的措施。
