Sugiyama H, Kashihara N, Makino H
Third Department of Internal Medicine, Okayama University Medical School.
Nihon Rinsho. 1996 Jul;54(7):1975-81.
Nephrologists are now investigating the involvement of apoptosis, or programmed cell death, in various renal diseases. Evidence suggests that abnormalities of apoptosis may contribute to the development of glomerular and tubular diseases. In tissue remodeling after glomerular injuries, excess apoptosis may be associated with cell deletion of glomerular sclerosis. Increased apoptosis may mediate the resolution of glomerular hypercellularity in experimental mesangial proliferation. Reactive oxygen species, deprivation of growth factors, anti-Thy 1 monoclonal antibodies and anti-Fas antibodies are capable of inducing apoptosis in cultured mesangial cells. In renal tubular diseases, apoptosis may be associated with tubular atrophy after ureteral obstruction, tubular damage after ischemia-reperfusion or toxic drugs, and the development of polycystic kidney disease. Infiltrative leukocytes in the glomerulus and renal interstitium undergo apoptosis during inflammation. Thus, apoptosis appears to play a significant role in many renal diseases, and we should consider the regulation of apoptosis in the treatment of these disorders.
肾脏病学家目前正在研究细胞凋亡（即程序性细胞死亡）在各种肾脏疾病中的作用。有证据表明，细胞凋亡异常可能促成肾小球和肾小管疾病的发展。在肾小球损伤后的组织重塑过程中，过度的细胞凋亡可能与肾小球硬化的细胞缺失有关。在实验性系膜增生中，细胞凋亡增加可能介导肾小球细胞增多症的消退。活性氧、生长因子缺乏、抗Thy 1单克隆抗体和抗Fas抗体能够诱导培养的系膜细胞发生凋亡。在肾小管疾病中，细胞凋亡可能与输尿管梗阻后的肾小管萎缩、缺血-再灌注或毒性药物后的肾小管损伤以及多囊肾病的发展有关。肾小球和肾间质中的浸润性白细胞在炎症过程中会发生凋亡。因此，细胞凋亡似乎在许多肾脏疾病中起重要作用，我们在治疗这些疾病时应考虑对细胞凋亡的调控。
