Kohn S E, Smith K L, Alexander M P
Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19141-3099, USA.
Brain Lang. 1996 Jan;52(1):129-49. doi: 10.1006/brln.1996.0007.
Word production was examined in four aphasics diagnosed acutely with neologistic jargon and who displayed impairment to the lexical stage of phonological production (Kohn & Smith, 1993, 1994a). To investigate the major source of their nonword errors (i.e., neologisms, phonemic paraphasias), single word production was tested at three different times over the first 6 months postonset, with one subject receiving additional testing at 14 months postonset. Two subjects showed signs of recovery to the phonological output system with respect to: (1) improved word production scores, (2) increased frequency of phonemic paraphasias versus neologisms, and (3) increased production of target phonemes. These subjects also displayed above-chance production of target phonemes and no significant tendency to perseverate phonemes across picture-naming trials. It was argued that this pattern reflects a resolving disturbance in retrieving entries from the phonological lexicon. The other two subjects showed no improvement in word production. They also consistently produced target phonemes at chance levels and had a tendency to perseverate phonemes across picture-naming trials. This static pattern of performance was considered to reflect loss of information from the phonological lexicon. The neuroanatomical damage sustained by each case was consistent with these two recovery patterns.
对四名急性诊断为新语性杂乱语且在语音产生的词汇阶段存在损伤的失语症患者的单词产生情况进行了检查（科恩和史密斯，1993年，1994年a）。为了探究他们非词错误（即新语词、音素性错语）的主要来源，在发病后的前6个月内分三次对单词产生进行了测试，一名受试者在发病后14个月接受了额外测试。两名受试者在以下方面显示出语音输出系统恢复的迹象：（1）单词产生分数提高；（2）音素性错语相对于新语词的频率增加；（3）目标音素的产生增加。这些受试者在图片命名试验中目标音素的产生也高于随机水平，并且在跨图片命名试验中没有明显的音素重复倾向。有人认为这种模式反映了从语音词汇中检索词条时的一种正在解决的干扰。另外两名受试者在单词产生方面没有改善。他们在随机水平上持续产生目标音素，并且在跨图片命名试验中有音素重复的倾向。这种静态的表现模式被认为反映了语音词汇中信息的丢失。每个病例所遭受的神经解剖学损伤与这两种恢复模式一致。
