Fish J E, Peterman V I, Cugell D W
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1977 Jul;60(1):41-6. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(77)90081-1.
We measured specific airway conductance (Gaw/Vtg) in a body plethysmograph before and after a deep inspiratory maneuver in 8 subjects with allergic rhinitis and 8 subjects with allergic asthma. In hay fever subjects deep inspiration had no effect on Gaw/Vtg if it was performed in the control state; however, when methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction was present, deep inspiration transiently increased Gaw/Vtg. In asthmatic subjects deep inspiration was followed by a transeint fall in baseline Gaw/Vtg in the control state; however, when bronchoconstriction was present, deep inspiration was followed by small and variable changes in Gaw/Vtg in 7 subjects and marked improvement in Gaw/Vtg in 1 subject. In asthmatic subjects the bronchoconstrictor response to deep inspiration performed in the control state is thought to be due to reflex changes in bronchomotor tone mediated by cholinergic (vagal) nerve pathways. Like asthmatic subjects, hay fever subjects, hay fever subjects also possess cholinergic-mediated airway hyperreactivity compared with normals. Our results indicate that, in spite of their increased airway reactivity, hay fever subjects respond more like normal subjects than like asthmatic subjects after a deep inspiratory maneuver.
我们在8名变应性鼻炎患者和8名变应性哮喘患者中，于深吸气动作前后，使用体容积描记仪测量了比气道传导率（Gaw/Vtg）。在花粉症患者中，如果在对照状态下进行深吸气，其对Gaw/Vtg无影响；然而，当存在乙酰甲胆碱诱导的支气管收缩时，深吸气会使Gaw/Vtg短暂升高。在哮喘患者中，对照状态下深吸气后基线Gaw/Vtg会出现短暂下降；然而，当存在支气管收缩时，7名患者深吸气后Gaw/Vtg出现小幅度且变化不定的改变，1名患者的Gaw/Vtg则显著改善。在哮喘患者中，对照状态下深吸气引起的支气管收缩反应被认为是由胆碱能（迷走）神经通路介导的支气管运动张力反射性变化所致。与哮喘患者一样，与正常人相比，花粉症患者也存在胆碱能介导的气道高反应性。我们的结果表明，尽管花粉症患者气道反应性增加，但在深吸气动作后，他们的反应更像正常受试者，而非哮喘患者。
