Eliason M J
College of Nursing, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242, USA.
J Homosex. 1996;30(3):31-58. doi: 10.1300/J082v30n03_03.
There is considerable controversy regarding the means by which lesbian, gay, and bisexual persons achieve a sense of sexual identity. In this paper, the concepts of identity and sexual identity are reviewed, and the literature on lesbian and gay "coming out" processes are critiqued. Major limitations of these studies include their narrow samples, their narrow focus on sexuality, their linear nature, and their lack of attention to the larger sociohistorical context. They tend to "minoritize" sexual identities. A more comprehensive cyclical model of identity development would put sexual identity into a context that includes other important facets of identity such as gender, race, and class-a more universalizing approach.
关于女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋者获得性身份认同感的方式存在相当大的争议。本文回顾了身份认同和性身份认同的概念，并对有关女同性恋和男同性恋“出柜”过程的文献进行了批判。这些研究的主要局限性包括样本狭窄、对性取向的关注过于狭隘、具有线性特点以及缺乏对更广泛的社会历史背景的关注。它们倾向于将性身份认同“小众化”。一个更全面的身份认同发展循环模型会将性身份认同置于一个包含身份认同其他重要方面（如性别、种族和阶级）的背景中——这是一种更具普遍性的方法。
