Strain E, Patterson K, Seidenberg M S
Medical Research Council (MRC) Applied Psychology Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1995 Sep;21(5):1140-54. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.21.5.1140.
Three experiments demonstrated that, for lower frequency words, reading aloud is affected not only by spelling-sound typicality but also by a semantic variable, imageability. Participants were slower and more error prone when naming exception words with abstract meanings (e.g., scarce) than when naming either abstract regular words (e.g., scribe) or imageable exception words (e.g., soot). It is proposed that semantic representations of words have the largest impact on translating orthography to phonology when this translation process is slow or noisy (i.e., for low-frequency exceptions) and that words with rich semantic representations (i.e., high-imageability words) are most likely to benefit from this interaction.
三项实验表明，对于低频词，大声朗读不仅受拼写-发音典型性的影响，还受一个语义变量——可意象性的影响。与读出抽象规则词（如scribe）或具有可意象性的例外词（如soot）相比，参与者在读出具有抽象意义的例外词（如scarce）时速度较慢且更容易出错。研究表明，当拼写转换为语音的过程缓慢或嘈杂时（即对于低频例外词），词的语义表征对这一转换过程影响最大，并且具有丰富语义表征的词（即高可意象性的词）最有可能从这种相互作用中受益。
