LeBlanc A, Rowe R, Schneider V, Evans H, Hedrick T
Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1995 Dec;66(12):1151-4.
Muscle strength and limb girth measurements during Skylab and Apollo missions suggested that loss of muscle mass may occur as a result of spaceflight. Extended duration spaceflight is important for the economical and practical use of space. The loss of muscle mass during spaceflight is a medical concern for long duration flights to the planets or extended stays aboard space stations. Understanding the extent and temporal relationships of muscle loss is important for the development of effective spaceflight countermeasures.
We hypothesized that significant and measurable changes in muscle volume would occur in Shuttle crewmembers following 8 d of weightlessness.
MRI was used to obtain the muscle volumes of the calf, thigh and lower back before and after the STS-47 Shuttle mission.
Statistical analyses demonstrated that the soleus-gastrocnemius (-6.3%), anterior calf (-3.9%), hamstrings (-8.3%), quadriceps (-6.0%) and intrinsic back (-10.3%) muscles were decreased, p < 0.05, compared to baseline, 24 h after landing. At 2 weeks post recovery, the hamstrings and intrinsic lower back muscles were still below baseline, p < 0.05.
These results demonstrate that even short duration spaceflight can result in significant muscle atrophy.
在天空实验室和阿波罗任务期间进行的肌肉力量和肢体周长测量表明，太空飞行可能导致肌肉质量下降。延长太空飞行时间对于太空的经济和实际利用很重要。在飞往行星的长时间飞行或在空间站的长期停留中，太空飞行期间肌肉质量的损失是一个医学问题。了解肌肉损失的程度和时间关系对于开发有效的太空飞行对策很重要。
我们假设航天飞机机组人员在失重8天后肌肉体积会发生显著且可测量的变化。
在STS-47航天飞机任务前后，使用磁共振成像（MRI）获取小腿、大腿和下背部的肌肉体积。
统计分析表明，与着陆后24小时的基线相比，比目鱼肌-腓肠肌（-6.3%）、小腿前部（-3.9%）、绳肌（-8.3%）、股四头肌（-6.0%）和下背部固有肌（-10.3%）的肌肉量减少，p<0.05。恢复后2周，绳肌和下背部固有肌仍低于基线水平，p<0.05。
这些结果表明，即使是短时间的太空飞行也会导致明显的肌肉萎缩。
