Van Hoesen G W
Department of Anatomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242, USA.
Magn Reson Imaging. 1995;13(8):1047-55. doi: 10.1016/0730-725x(95)02012-i.
The medial temporal lobe concept is an example of neurojargon rich in clinical and behavioral meaning, but sparse in neuroanatomical meaning except for topography. Like the concept of anterior speech area, many know roughly where it is located and what its functional correlates are, but not a lot else. At least three anatomical entities qualify as components of the medial temporal lobe. These include the amygdaloid body, the hippocampal formation, and the parahippocampal cortices that cover them superficially and are visible on the external surface of the hemisphere. For the greater part of this century, topographical observations, dissection, and descriptive data from passive staining methods have formed the principal source of information about the anatomy of the medial temporal lobe. However, in the past two decades much new information has emerged from experimental neuroanatomical studies in nonhuman primates and from neuropathological studies in humans. With magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), previous neuroanatomical detail, which earlier may have seemed like descriptive minutia, has now come alive and assumed substantial relevance in neurological and psychiatric diagnosis. Some of the emerging concepts as they relate to the neuroanatomy of the primate brain are highlighted and summarized here.
内侧颞叶概念是神经学术语的一个例子，它富含临床和行为意义，但除了地形学之外，神经解剖学意义却很稀少。就像前言语区的概念一样，许多人大致知道它位于何处以及其功能关联是什么，但除此之外了解不多。至少有三个解剖实体可被视为内侧颞叶的组成部分。这些包括杏仁体、海马结构以及在半球外表面可见的、浅层覆盖它们的海马旁皮质。在本世纪的大部分时间里，地形学观察、解剖以及来自被动染色方法的描述性数据一直是关于内侧颞叶解剖学信息的主要来源。然而，在过去二十年中，从对非人类灵长类动物的实验神经解剖学研究以及对人类的神经病理学研究中出现了许多新信息。借助磁共振成像（MRI），以前那些可能看似描述性细节的神经解剖学细节，现在变得生动起来，并在神经学和精神病学诊断中具有了重要意义。这里突出并总结了一些与灵长类动物大脑神经解剖学相关的新出现的概念。
