Felts W M, Parrillo A V, Chenier T, Dunn P
Department of Health Education School of Health and Human Performance, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858-4353, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 1996 Jan;18(1):20-6. doi: 10.1016/1054-139x(95)00046-u.
The purpose of the study was to examine, among public high school students across the United States, perceptions of relative weight-loss and its relationship to physical activity levels, time spent viewing television, and efforts to lose weight.
Self-reported data from the 1990 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) were used to analyze these relationships. The YRBS was developed and administered by the Division of Adolescent and School Health (DASH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), to assess important health behaviors which contribute significantly to adverse health outcomes among American youth. A total of 10,870 black, Hispanic, and white respondents were included in this analysis.
From this sample, 24.8% perceived themselves as being "too fat." Of that group, 76.4% were trying to lose weight. Females comprised 74.4% of those reporting that they were "too fat" and trying to lose weight. Gender differences in weight perceptions were significant (p < .001), with females (34.6%) being more likely than males (14.4%) to report being "too fat." Whites (26.0%) reported being "too fat" more often than did Hispanics (23.9%) and blacks (17.2%) (p < .001). Skipping meals and exercise were the most commonly reported weight loss strategies. Hispanics were most likely to skip meals, followed by whites and blacks. Whites were more likely than the other groups to use exercise as a means of losing weight. Adolescents who perceived themselves as "too fat" reported fewer days of strenuous activity (p < .001), fewer hours of strenuous exercise in physical education class (p < .001), and more hours spent viewing television on school days (p < .001) than others.
One quarter of U.S. high school students perceive themselves as overweight; three-quarters of these students are trying to lose weight. Adolescents who perceive themselves as overweight are less physically active and spend more time viewing television than those who do not perceive themselves as overweight.
本研究旨在调查全美国公立高中学生对自身相对体重减轻的认知，及其与身体活动水平、看电视时间和减肥努力之间的关系。
使用1990年青少年危险行为调查（YRBS）的自我报告数据来分析这些关系。YRBS由疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）青少年与学校健康司（DASH）制定并实施，用于评估对美国青少年不良健康结局有重大影响的重要健康行为。本分析共纳入了10870名黑人、西班牙裔和白人受访者。
在这个样本中，24.8%的人认为自己“太胖”。在该群体中，76.4%的人正在尝试减肥。报告自己“太胖”并正在尝试减肥的人中有74.4%为女性。体重认知方面的性别差异显著（p < 0.001），女性（34.6%）比男性（14.4%）更有可能报告自己“太胖”。白人（26.0%）比西班牙裔（23.9%）和黑人（17.2%）更常报告自己“太胖”（p < 0.001）。不吃饭和运动是最常被报告的减肥策略。西班牙裔最有可能不吃饭，其次是白人和黑人。白人比其他群体更有可能将运动作为减肥手段。认为自己“太胖”的青少年报告的剧烈活动天数更少（p < 0.001），体育课上的剧烈运动小时数更少（p < 0.001），且上学日看电视的时间更多（p < 0.001）。
四分之一的美国高中生认为自己超重；其中四分之三的学生正在尝试减肥。认为自己超重的青少年比不认为自己超重的青少年身体活动更少，看电视的时间更多。
