Nianogo Roch A, Kuo Tony, Smith Lisa V, Arah Onyebuchi A
Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, 650 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, 90095-1772, CA, USA.
UCLA Center for Health Policy Research, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2016 Jan 22;16:60. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-2714-9.
Although obesity continues to rise and remains a great public health concern in the U.S., a number of important levers such as self-perception of weight and calorie postings at point-of-purchase in restaurants are still not well-characterized in the literature, especially for low-income and minority groups in Los Angeles County (LAC). To study this gap, we examined the associations of self-perception of weight (as measured by body weight discrepancy) with food choice intentions and consumer response to calorie information among low-income adults residing in LAC during the pre-menu labeling regulation era.
Descriptive and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the aforementioned associations utilizing data from the 2007-2008 Calorie and Nutrition Information Survey (CNIS). The CNIS was a local health department study of 639 low-income adults recruited from five large, multi-purpose public health centers in LAC.
Survey participants who reported that their desired weight was less than their current weight (versus desired weight the same as current weight) had (i) higher odds of intending to select lower-calorie foods under the scenario that calorie information was available at point-of-purchase (aOR = 2.0; 95 % CI: 1.0-3.9); and (ii) had higher odds of reporting that it is "very important" to have these calorie postings on food items in grocery stores (aOR = 3.1; 95 % CI: 0.90-10.7) and in fast-food restaurants (aOR = 3.4; 95 % CI: 1.0-11.4).
Self-perception of weight was found to be associated with the intention to select lower-calorie foods under the scenario that calorie information was available at point-of-purchase. Future public health efforts to support menu labeling implementation should consider these and other findings to inform consumer education and communications strategies that can be tailored to assist restaurant patrons with this forthcoming federal law.
尽管肥胖率持续上升且仍是美国重大的公共卫生问题，但一些重要因素，如体重的自我认知以及餐厅购买点的卡路里标注，在文献中仍未得到充分描述，尤其是对于洛杉矶县（LAC）的低收入和少数族裔群体。为了研究这一差距，我们在菜单标签规定实施前的时代，调查了居住在LAC的低收入成年人中体重自我认知（通过体重差异衡量）与食物选择意图以及消费者对卡路里信息的反应之间的关联。
利用2007 - 2008年卡路里与营养信息调查（CNIS）的数据进行描述性和多变量逻辑回归分析，以检验上述关联。CNIS是当地卫生部门对从LAC五个大型多用途公共卫生中心招募的639名低收入成年人进行的研究。
报告期望体重低于当前体重的调查参与者（与期望体重与当前体重相同相比），（i）在购买点有卡路里信息的情况下，选择低热量食物的意愿几率更高（调整后的优势比[aOR] = 2.0；95%置信区间[CI]：1.0 - 3.9）；（ii）报告在杂货店食品上（aOR = 3.1；95% CI：0.90 - 10.7）和快餐店（aOR = 3.4；95% CI：1.0 - 11.4）有这些卡路里标注“非常重要”的几率更高。
发现在购买点有卡路里信息的情况下，体重自我认知与选择低热量食物的意愿相关。未来支持菜单标签实施的公共卫生努力应考虑这些及其他发现，为消费者教育和沟通策略提供信息，这些策略可进行调整以协助餐厅顾客适应这项即将实施的联邦法律。
