Tafesse Y, Fisseha T, Umeta M, Hidar J, Teka W
Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
East Afr Med J. 1996 May;73(5):303-7.
A total of 147 children, aged from six months to six years were examined for signs of xerophthalmia in a village in Arsi zone of Ethiopia. Night blindness, Bitot's spots, corneal ulceration and corneal scars were observed in 17.0%, 26.5%, 2.7% and 0.7% of the children respectively. The concentration of serum retinol was measured in all children with xerophthalmia and every twentieth of the remaining children. Serum retinol levels were in the deficient range (< 0.35 mumol/I) in 31.9% and low (0.35-0.69 mumol/I) in 48.9% of the children. There was a higher prevalence of stunting (24.5%) than wasting (18.4%) with an additional 10.2% of children being both stunted and wasted. The prevalence of diarrhoea was twice as high in children with xerophthalmia than children without (p < 0.01).
在埃塞俄比亚阿尔西地区的一个村庄，对147名年龄在6个月至6岁的儿童进行了干眼症体征检查。分别有17.0%、26.5%、2.7%和0.7%的儿童出现夜盲、毕脱斑、角膜溃疡和角膜瘢痕。对所有患有干眼症的儿童以及其余儿童中每二十名中的一名儿童测量了血清视黄醇浓度。31.9%的儿童血清视黄醇水平处于缺乏范围（<0.35μmol/L），48.9%的儿童血清视黄醇水平较低（0.35 - 0.69μmol/L）。发育迟缓的患病率（24.5%）高于消瘦的患病率（18.4%），另有10.2%的儿童既发育迟缓又消瘦。患有干眼症的儿童腹泻患病率是未患干眼症儿童的两倍（p < 0.01）。
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