Valde G A
Department of Educational Foundations, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater 53190, USA.
J Genet Psychol. 1996 Sep;157(3):245-54. doi: 10.1080/00221325.1996.9914862.
This study examined identity status and self-actualization of young adults (N = 41), who were administered a revised identity interview (based on Marcia's interview) and a measure of self-actualization (the Personal Orientation Inventory). A fifth status, identity closure, was added to account for status regression and re-foreclosure, found in previous studies. This addition prompted a revision of the operational definition of identity achievement to include three criteria: exploration, tentative commitment, and openness to alternatives. Open achieved individuals scored higher than closed individuals on the measure of self-actualization, suggesting some validity for the revised operational definition of identity achievement and providing support for Eriksonian theory. Theoretical implications and the development of a revised paradigm are discussed.
本研究调查了41名年轻人的身份状态和自我实现情况，这些年轻人接受了一次修订后的身份访谈（基于玛西亚的访谈）以及一项自我实现测量（个人取向问卷）。根据先前研究中发现的状态回归和重新封闭情况，增加了第五种状态——身份封闭。这一增加促使对身份达成的操作定义进行修订，使其包括三个标准：探索、初步承诺和对替代方案的开放性。在自我实现测量中，开放达成型个体的得分高于封闭型个体，这表明身份达成的修订操作定义具有一定效度，并为埃里克森理论提供了支持。文中还讨论了理论意义以及修订范式的发展。
