Eckardt L, Harzer W
Poliklinik für Kieferorthopaedie, University of Dresden, Germany.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1996 Aug;110(2):185-90. doi: 10.1016/s0889-5406(96)70107-5.
The investigation of 15 patients who have a progressive muscular dystrophy of the Duchenne type (PMD) shows the affection of various groups of muscles of the stomatognathic system, studied by means of electromyography and mechanical force measurements. We observed the following deviations in patients with PMD; transversal overdevelopment and sagittal shortening of the dental arch; reduction of overbite and overjet; sagittal underdevelopment of the cranial, maxillary and mandibular base; retrusion of incisors; concave profile; increase in bizygomatic width; and a difference in time between the attack on the musculi orbicularis oris and that on masticatory muscles. In our study, the activity of the jaw muscles diminished 2 years earlier compared with the perioral muscles. This, and also the enlargement of the hypotonic tongue, causes a transversal expansion of skull and dental arches. This expansion was strongly pronounced in the lower jaw; we invariably observed a posterior crossbite. In contrast to the transversal overdevelopment, we observed a sagittal underdevelopment of skeletal and dental parameters, as well as a retrusion of the incisors. The results of surface electromyography showed the affection of the masseter muscle in patients who had PMD. By means of the Fast-Fourier transformation, we observed a displacement of the median frequency as compared with the lower frequency range.
对15例患有杜氏进行性肌营养不良症（PMD）患者的调查显示，通过肌电图和机械力测量研究发现，口颌系统的不同肌群受到影响。我们在PMD患者中观察到以下偏差：牙弓横向过度发育和矢状面缩短；覆牙合和覆盖减小；颅骨、上颌骨和下颌骨基部矢状面发育不足；切牙后缩；面部轮廓凹陷；颧宽增加；口轮匝肌和咀嚼肌发作时间的差异。在我们的研究中，与口周肌肉相比，颌部肌肉的活动提前2年减弱。这以及低张性舌体增大导致颅骨和牙弓横向扩张。这种扩张在下颌骨中表现得尤为明显；我们总是观察到后牙反牙合。与横向过度发育相反，我们观察到骨骼和牙齿参数的矢状面发育不足以及切牙后缩。表面肌电图结果显示PMD患者的咬肌受到影响。通过快速傅里叶变换，我们观察到与低频范围相比，中频发生了位移。
