Grill J, Pillet P, Rakotomalala W, Andriantsimahavandy A, Esterre P, Boisier P, Guyon P
Service de pédiatrie, centre hospitalier de Soavinandriana, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
Arch Pediatr. 1996 Apr;3(4):360-8. doi: 10.1016/0929-693x(96)84693-8.
Neurocysticercosis is the most frequent parasitosis of the central nervous system in the world. Due to the extension of the pandemy, and the importance of the migrations from endemic countries, this parasitosis is being diagnosed with increasing frequency in France. Epilepsy is the main revealing symptom. However, in endemic countries, neurocysticercosis should be suspected in patients with any neurological sign. Diagnosis is based upon imaging procedures (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) and serology (Elisa and Western blot). The evolution is highly variable, from complete latency to severe encephalopathy with psychomotor regression. Praziquantel and albendazole are the main therapeutic agents. Although corticosteroids are usually very effective on symptoms of the acute phase of the disease, their place in the treatment remains to be clarified. Racemic and ventricular forms of the disease usually need neurosurgery. In endemic regions, the diminution of the frequency of the disease relies upon prevention through health education compaigns, pending the achievement of an efficient vaccine.
神经囊尾蚴病是全球最常见的中枢神经系统寄生虫病。由于疫情的蔓延，以及来自流行国家移民的重要性，这种寄生虫病在法国的诊断频率越来越高。癫痫是主要的首发症状。然而，在流行国家，任何有神经系统症状的患者都应怀疑患有神经囊尾蚴病。诊断基于影像学检查（计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像）和血清学检查（酶联免疫吸附测定和蛋白质印迹法）。其病情发展变化很大，从完全潜伏到伴有精神运动发育迟缓的严重脑病。吡喹酮和阿苯达唑是主要的治疗药物。虽然皮质类固醇通常对疾病急性期的症状非常有效，但其在治疗中的地位仍有待明确。疾病的脑实质型和脑室型通常需要神经外科手术治疗。在流行地区，在研发出有效疫苗之前，降低该病发病率依赖于通过健康教育活动进行预防。
